| 郭豪华,陈志怀,罗小三,李子言,马彬城,汤雅丽,李平,林金石,姜海波.活化剂强化巨菌草修复Cd污染土壤的田间试验[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(11):2575-2582. |
| 活化剂强化巨菌草修复Cd污染土壤的田间试验 |
| Effects of mobilizing agents on the enhanced phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated agricultural soil by Pennisetum sinese in farmland |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0891 |
| 中文关键词: 强化植物修复技术 土壤重金属污染 镉 巨菌草 活化剂 |
| 英文关键词: enhanced phytoremediation technology soil heavy metal pollution cadmium Pennisetum sinese mobilizing agent |
| 基金项目:江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX24_1522);中央土壤污染防治专项资金项目[新集采单(2021)1468] |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过活化剂联合具有较高富集能力和较大生物量的植物积累、移除重金属是污染土壤修复的新方向。为探究不同活化剂种类和剂量对植物提取土壤重金属的强化修复效果，本研究通过大田试验比较了EDTA、KCl、草酸（OA）对巨菌草修复Cd污染农田土壤（0.92 mg·kg-1，pH 5.0）的影响。结果表明：土壤总Cd含量（0.52~0.84 mg·kg-1）显著低于种植前，施用EDTA和中、高剂量KCl （750、1 125 kg·hm-2）使土壤Cd含量显著减少。活化剂对巨菌草的生长未产生不利影响，低剂量KCl （375 kg·hm-2）则提高了地上部生物量（431 mg·株-1）。各处理地上部Cd累积量为0.15~0.37 mg·株-1，其中OA和低剂量KCl处理最高，分别为0.37 mg·株-1和0.32 mg·株-1。Cd 主要累积在叶片（0.53~1.92 mg·kg-1），占地上部总累积量的 54.9%~64.2%；OA 处理的生物富集系数 BCF茎（0.67）、BCF 叶（2.09）和转运系数TF叶/茎（3.12）显著高于其他处理，表明其可增强土壤重金属生物有效性，从而促进巨菌草的吸收和累积。根据试验结果估算修复效果，在本实验土壤Cd水平下，OA和低剂量KCl强化巨菌草分别收割7茬和8茬将可达标；对于Cd含量为2.0 mg·kg-1的污染土壤，分别收割9茬和10茬可达标；而在Cd含量0.5 mg·kg-1污染土壤中只需收割5茬。研究表现，兼顾生物量和富集能力，OA和适量KCl的应用对于提高巨菌草净化土壤Cd污染的修复效果最好，且通过种植此类生物量大的植物并采用强化修复技术，同时达到了减污和固碳的双重目的。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The enrichment and removal of heavy metals by large biomass plants enhanced by mobilizing agents has been a new direction for remediation of contaminated soil. To investigate the enhanced remediation effects of mobilizing agents with different types and dosages on phytoextraction of soil heavy metals, the influences of EDTA, KCl, and oxalic acid（OA）on the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated farmland soil （0.92 mg·kg-1, pH 5.0）by Pennisetum sinese were compared through field experiment. Results showed that soil total Cd（0.52-0.84 mg·kg-1）decreased significantly after planting, and soil Cd concentration was significantly reduced by EDTA application and medium- and high-dose KCl application（750 kg·hm-2 and 1 125 kg·hm-2）. The growth of Pennisetum sinese have not been adversely affected by mobilizing agents, and the shoot biomass（431 mg·plant-1）was increased by low dose KCl（375 kg·hm-2）. The accumulation of shoot Cd in all treatments ranged from 0.15 to 0.37 mg·plant-1, with OA and low dose KCl treatments showing the highest accumulation （0.37 mg·plant-1 and 0.32 mg·plant-1, respectively）. The Cd was mainly accumulated in leaves（0.53-1.92 mg·kg-1）, which accounted for 54.9% - 64.2% of the total accumulation in shoot. The bioaccumulation factor（BCF）of Cd in stems（0.67）and leaves（2.09）, and translocation factor（TF）for the OA treatment（3.12）were significantly higher than other treatments, indicating that OA enhanced the bioavailability of soil heavy metals and promoted the uptake and accumulation of Pennisetum sinese. Based on this study's remediation evaluation, at the Cd level of the soil tested, the remediation targets could be achieved by OA and low-dose KCl treatments after 7 and 8 harvests, respectively. For 2.0 mg·kg-1 Cd-contaminated soils, the remediation targets might be achieved after 9 and 10 harvests, respectively. For 0.5 mg·kg-1 Cd-contaminated soil, 5 harvests were sufficient. In conclusion, the application of OA and KCl shows the optimized effects on improving slashing soil Cd contamination by Pennisetum sinese, considering both biomass and enrichment capacity. Moreover, by using large biomass plants and enhanced phytoremediation technology, both soil pollution reduction and carbon sequestration were achieved. |
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