| 韩锋,刘亥扬,王浩权,李畅,张玉鹏,许嘉阳,赵鹏,刘红恩,聂兆君.两种微塑料对生菜生长及生理特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2024,43(8):1698-1709. |
| 两种微塑料对生菜生长及生理特性的影响 |
| Effects of two microplastics on the growth and physiological characteristics in lettuce |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-23 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2023-0872 |
| 中文关键词: 生菜 微塑料 根系形态 光合色素 抗氧化系统 超微结构 |
| 英文关键词: lettuce microplastics root morphology photosynthetic pigments antioxidant system ultrastructure |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1700900）；河南省自然科学基金面上项目（222300420464）；河南省高等学校重点科研项目（24A210010） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 韩锋 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 刘亥扬 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 王浩权 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 李畅 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 张玉鹏 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 许嘉阳 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 赵鹏 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046 | | | 刘红恩 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046
河南省土壤污染控制工程技术研究中心, 郑州 450046 | liuhongen7178@126.com | | 聂兆君 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 郑州 450046
河南省土壤污染控制工程技术研究中心, 郑州 450046 | nzj0511@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究聚乙烯（PE）和聚丙烯（PP）两种微塑料对生菜生长及生理特性的影响，以生菜（意大利生菜333）为供试材料进行水培试验，设置对照（CK）、3个 PE水平（0.1、0.5、1.0 g·L-1）、3个 PP水平（0.1、0.5、1.0 g·L-1）共 7个处理，PE和 PP粒径均为 13 μm，测定了生菜生物量、根系形态参数、光合参数、叶片和根系超微结构以及抗氧化能力等相关指标。试验结果表明：微塑料胁迫下，生菜的干质量显著降低了9.6%~65.4%，根体积显著减少了18.3%~50.2%，光合参数先升高了20.5%后降低40.4%，叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量也显著降低了26.1%和29.9%。从叶片和根系的超微结构来看，生菜叶片叶绿体及根系细胞膜、细胞壁均遭受到两种微塑料不同程度的破坏。与 CK 相比，生菜超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD），过氧化氢酶（CAT）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性分别增加了3.0~15.0倍、24.8%~164.0%、2.8~12.0倍和3.5~8.1倍，丙二醛（MDA）和抗坏血酸（ASA）含量增加了1.2~18.9倍和7.2%~10.1%。微塑料对生菜叶片和根系细胞有明显毒害作用，其可破坏叶肉细胞叶绿体，导致生菜叶片的光合参数及光合色素含量降低，同时也抑制了根系的生长发育，降低了其生物量。另外，试验表明生菜抗氧化系统对两种微塑料均产生了响应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a new category of pollutant, the impact of microplastics on the environment is still unclear. Exploring the effects of polyethylene（PE）and polypropylene（PP）on the growth and physiological characteristics of lettuce contributes to our comprehension of the toxic effect of microplastics on lettuce. This research provides a theoretical foundation for elucidating the toxic mechanism associated with microplastics. Lettuce（Italian lettuce 333）was used as the material for the hydroponic experiment. A total of seven treatments, including control（CK）, three PE supply levels（0.1, 0.5 g·L-1, and 1.0 g·L-1）, and three PP supply levels（0.1, 0.5 g·L-1, and 1.0 g·L-1）, were employed. The particle sizes of both PE and PP were 13 μm. Various parameters such as lettuce biomass, root morphological parameters, photosynthetic parameters, ultrastructure of leaves and roots, and antioxidant capacity were measured. Under conditions involving microplastic stress, the dry weight of the lettuce and root volume decreased significantly. The photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll a and carotene levels were reduced. In the ultrastructure of the blade and root system, the chloroplasts and the membrane and the cell walls of the root system were destroyed by different types of microplastics. Compared with CK, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, peroxidase（POD）, catalase（CAT）, and ascorbate peroxidase（APX）levels increased by 3.0-15.0-fold, 2.8%-164.0%, 2.8-12.0-fold, and 3.5-8.1-fold, respectively. Malondialdehyde（MDA）and ascorbic acid（ASA）levels increased by 1.2-18.9-fold and 7.2%-10.1%. Microplastics exert toxic effects on lettuce leaf and root cells, damage cell chloroplasts in mesophyll, reduce photosynthetic parameters and pigment concentrations in leaves, and inhibit root growth, thereby reducing the biomass in lettuce. In addition, the antioxidant system of lettuce responded to the two kinds of microplastics. |
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