| Abstract: 【Objectives】Exploring the nitrogen loss, absorption and utilization in peanut fields under different layered fertilization (LF) can provide scientific basis for optimizing peanut fertilization management and promoting green agricultural production. 【Methods】The experiment was conducted at the Laiyang experimental station of Qingdao Agricultural University from 2019 to 2020. The peanut variety 'Qinghua 7' was used as the test material, and conventional broadcast fertilization (CBF) was used as the control. 【Results】The effects of double-layered fertilization (DLF) and triple-layered fertilization (TLF) with zero, 10%, and 20% reduction of fertilizer on ammonia volatilization, nitrogen leaching, plant nitrogen accumulation, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency were studied. This study found that there was no significant difference in the cumulative ammonia volatilization between DLF and TLF with the same fertilizer amount, but, that of LF with zero, 10%, and 20% reduction was decreased by 15.21, 20.66, and 23.62%, on average, compared with CBF, respectively. Nitrogen loss occurred mainly in the form of nitrate nitrogen under all treatments. The risk of nitrogen leaching was higher under LF than CBF, and the nitrogen leaching of DLF was higher than that of TLF under the same fertilization amount. LF significantly increased the nitrogen accumulation in peanut plants, and the most significant effects were observed under the zero fertilizer reduction treatments (28.46-37.22%). LF significantly increased peanut yield, and the peanut yield under DLF with zero and 10% reduction and TLF with zero reduction was increased by 20.12, 18.34, and 23.08% in 2019, and by 26.23, 22.07, and 25% in 2020, compared with CBF, respectively. However, there was no significant difference between DLF and TLF with the same fertilization amount. Fertilizer partial productivity, agronomic efficiency, fertilizer contribution rate and nitrogen use efficiency under stratified fertilization were higher than those under CBF, and increased by 20.07-42.73%, 79.27-104.92%, 8.23-14.59% and 9.18-12.16%, respectively, in 2019, and by 25-35.66%, 52.08-114.58%, 3.69-15.85%, and 6.21-11.54%, in 2020, respectively. 【Conclusions】In conclusion, LF played a significant role in alleviating ammonia volatilization and increasing peanut yield, but there would be a certain risk of leaching. And the depth of fertilization at the bottom layer should be appropriately adjusted. Considering the energy consumption cost of agricultural machinery, it is recommended to use the DLF with zero and 10% fertilizer reduction in production. |
