| 尹众,王鑫,鲁梦醒,卫正宇,王时聪,马超.腐秆菌和C/N对水稻秸秆田间堆腐效果的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(8):1831-1840. |
| 腐秆菌和C/N对水稻秸秆田间堆腐效果的影响 |
| Effects of straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum and C/N ratio on field rice straw composting |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-31 修订日期：2023-03-08 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1089 |
| 中文关键词: 腐秆菌 C/N 田间堆腐 腐解率 化学组成 酶活性 细菌群落多样性 |
| 英文关键词: straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum C/N ratio straw-composting in the field decomposition rate chemical composition enzyme activity bacterial community diversity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32071628）；安徽省高校自然科学基金项目（KJ2021ZD0009） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 尹众 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 王鑫 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 鲁梦醒 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 卫正宇 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 王时聪 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 马超 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | chaoma@ahau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确腐秆菌和C/N对秸秆田间堆腐效果的影响，以水稻秸秆为研究对象，设置2×3（以不接菌处理作为对照CK处理，2种腐秆菌：解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9、纤维化纤维微细菌Cellulosimicrobium cellulans MC29，3个C/N： 15∶1、25∶1、35∶1）交互试验，研究了腐秆菌和C/N在堆腐第7天和第120天时对水稻秸秆的腐解率、化学组成、酶活性和细菌群落多样性的影响。结果表明：堆腐第7天，C/N对秸秆的腐解度有显著影响（P＜0.05），在SQR9处理和MC29处理下均以C/N 25∶1最高。堆腐第120天，不同腐秆菌和C/N对腐解率有显著影响（P＜0.05），MC29处理下C/N 25∶1能显著提升秸秆腐解率（P＜0.05）；不同腐秆菌和C/N对纤维素酶活性均有显著影响（P＜0.05），不同腐秆菌对木质素过氧化物酶活性有显著影响（P＜0.05）； C/N会显著影响细菌群落丰富度和多样性（P＜0.05），总体呈现出随C/N升高而上升的趋势。研究表明，腐秆菌和C/N可以影响水稻秸秆的田间堆腐效果，相比SQR9，MC29的腐解效果较好且对应的最佳C/N为25∶1，腐秆菌对水稻秸秆纤维素酶和木质素过氧化物酶活性均有显著影响，而C/N对水稻秸秆纤维素酶活性和细菌群落多样性有显著影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A two-factor, three-level factorial design was used in this study to assess the effects of straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum and C/N ratio on the composting characteristics of straw in the field. The experimental design included two types of strawdecomposing microorganism inocula(i.e., Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 and Cellulosimicrobium cellulans MC29) and three levels of C/N ratio(i.e., 15:1, 25:1, and 35:1). Rice straw was used as raw materials to investigate their effects on decomposition rate, chemical composition, enzymatic activity, and bacterial community diversity after 7 and 120 days of composting, respectively. The results were described as follows:Following 7 days of composting, varying C/N ratios significantly affected the degree of decomposition of straw residues (P＜0.05); meanwhile, a C/N ratio of 25:1 resulted in the highest degree of decomposition, independent of the type of microorganism inocula. After 120 days of composting, different straw-decomposing microorganism inocula and C/N ratios significantly affected the decomposition rate(P＜0.05). The optimal C/N ratio for MC29 was ascertained to be 25:1, at which point the decomposition rate of straw rose considerably(P＜0.05). Additionally, after 120 days of composting, different straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum and C/N ratios induced significant effects on cellulase activity, with the former having pronounced effects on lignin peroxidase activity. Furthermore, the C/N ratio had remarkable effects on the abundance and diversity of the bacterial community after 120 days of composting, which generally showed an upward trend with the increase in the C/N ratio. In conclusion, straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum and C/N ratio can influence the composting characteristics of rice straw in the field. MC29 had more substantial effects than SQR9, and its optimal C/N ratio was 25:1. The straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum significantly affected cellulase and lignin peroxidase activities, and the C/N ratio had a significant effect on the cellulase activity and bacterial community diversity. This study would contribute to the development of straw composting technology and the utilization of the straw return effect. |
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