| 茹卫东,黄俣轩,王元成,莫建成,汤家源,党志,黄飞.高新沙水库土壤重金属分布特征及环境风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(6):1315-1328. |
| 高新沙水库土壤重金属分布特征及环境风险 |
| Distribution characteristics and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in the Gaoxinsha reservoir |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-26 修订日期：2023-02-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1075 |
| 中文关键词: 水库 水体质量 土壤环境 重金属 分布特征 生态风险 |
| 英文关键词: reservoir water quality soil environment heavy metal distribution characteristic ecological risk |
| 基金项目:珠江三角洲水资源配置工程项目：南沙地区土壤重金属超标原因及对高新沙水库的影响研究（CD88-GC02-2020-0059） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究拟建高新沙水库库区土壤重金属空间分布特征及其潜在生态风险，本研究通过对库区4层土壤（0~50、50~100、100~200、200~300 cm）中8种重金属（Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Ni、Cr、Hg、As）含量的测定，利用ArcGIS技术分析了重金属元素的空间分布特征，并采用单因子指数法和潜在生态危害指数法评价了库区土壤重金属的潜在生态风险。结果表明： As在各层土壤中轻微超出土壤环境标准筛选值（GB 15618—2018），超标范围为4.17%~35.71%，但最大超标倍数仅为0.39倍； Cu在前两层土壤中轻微超标，超标率分别是47.92%（0~50 cm）和11.63%（50~100 cm），在后两层土壤中均未超标； Cd、Pb和Hg在极个别点位轻微超标，Zn、Ni和Cr均未发现超标现象。土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni、Cr和As 6种重金属的单项潜在生态危害指数（Eri）值均远小于40，而且库区94.12%的土壤综合生态风险指数（RI）值小于150，这表明库区土壤重金属总体生态风险处于安全级别。对比广东现行的大部分水库重金属含量发现，除了As含量略高于部分现行水库含量外，高新沙水库土壤中其余7种重金属含量低于或接近现行水库水平。研究表明，研究区域土壤重金属总体潜在生态风险极低，可作为水库建设用地。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the spatial distribution characteristics and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in the Gaoxinsha reservoir soils, the concentrations of heavy metals including Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Hg, and As were measured at four different soil depths（0-50,50- 100, 100 -200 cm and 200-300 cm）, and their distribution characteristics were visually presented using ArcGIS. The potential environmental risks were further assessed using the standard of soil environmental quality（GB 15618—2018）and Hankanson's potential ecological risk index（RI）, respectively. The results indicated that all reservoir soils were slightly contaminated with Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg, and As. This was the case especially for Cu and As; Cu exceeded the rates by 47.92% and 11.63% for the A layer soil（0-50 cm）and B layer soil（50-100 cm）, respectively, while As generally exceeded standard rate in a range from 4.17% to 35.71%. The ecological risks（Eri）for six heavy metals（Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr, and As）at different soil depths were below 40, and the RI were well below 150, suggesting that the ecological risk of the reservoir derived from heavy metal was very low. The levels of the seven heavy metals including Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, and Hg in Gaoxinsha reservoir were lower or approaching the values of the existing reservoir in Guangdong Province, while the concentrations of As were slightly higher than those of the existing reservoir. These findings suggest that the soils of Gaoxinsha reservoir are unlikely to be highly polluted by these heavy metals, which means that they are potentially at a“safe”level for the reservoir construction. |
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