| 金丽惠,冯茜,潘仕球,苗淑杰,乔云发.增温对不同土壤上冬小麦保护酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(6):1228-1237. |
| 增温对不同土壤上冬小麦保护酶活性的影响 |
| Effects of warming on protective enzyme activities of winter wheat in different soils |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-17 修订日期：2023-02-12 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1178 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦 全生育期增温 土壤类型 保护酶系统 产量 |
| 英文关键词: winter wheat warming throughout the growth period soil type protective enzyme activity yield |
| 基金项目:江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目（BE2022312）；江苏省农业自主创新项目[CX（21）3170] |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1338 |
| 全文下载次数: 1819 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究全球气候变暖背景下冬小麦生长发育情况，通过全生育期增温，研究温度升高对冬小麦叶片保护酶活性和产量的影响。2021年11月，在南京信息工程大学农业气象试验站进行框栽试验，以常温为对照（CK），以开放式增温装置模拟大气增温1.5℃（eT）条件，以在南移的黑龙江黑土、北移的海南砖红壤和江苏南京黄棕壤上生长的冬小麦为研究材料，以成熟期小麦株高、单穗粒数、千粒质量等指标体现生长量的变化，以拔节期和开花期冬小麦叶片的叶绿素（SPAD）和丙二醛（MDA）含量，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性等指标表征保护酶系统的变化。结果表明：全生育期增温使生长在黄棕壤、黑土和砖红壤上的小麦叶绿素含量分别显著减少了9.51%、19.03%和4.60%，使开花期MDA含量分别显著增加了10.59%、14.83%和13.72%，说明增温通过影响光合作用和膜脂过氧化衰减了叶片功能使开花期叶片SOD、POD和CAT活性显著升高，这表明冬小麦叶片在增温条件下仍保持了较高的抗氧化能力。相关性分析表明，开花期MDA含量、POD活性与产量指标呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。此外，全生育期增温显著降低了生长在黄棕壤和黑土上冬小麦的株高、单穗粒数和千粒质量，最终导致产量分别减少33.86%和16.53%，然而黑土上生长的冬小麦各参数对增温的响应程度低于黄棕壤。增温导致砖红壤上生长的冬小麦千粒质量有所降低，但是最终产量未达到5%的显著差异。综合而言，增温能通过降低光合作用、提升膜脂过氧化水平导致冬小麦生长减缓，且这种减缓作用在黑龙江黑土冬小麦上的效应较弱，但对黄棕壤上的冬小麦影响较大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the development of winter wheat production under global warming, the effects of elevated temperature on leaf protective enzyme activity and winter wheat yield during the vegetative and reproductive growth periods were studied by experimental warming during the whole growth period. In November 2021, a frame-planting experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Meteorological Experimental Station of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology. Ambient air temperature was designed as control（CK）, and an open warming device was used to simulate an atmospheric temperature increase of 1.5 ℃（eT）. Winter wheat grown on black soil （from Heilongjiang）, brick red soil（from Hainan）, and yellow-brown soil（from Nanjing）was the focus of this research. The changes in growth amount at the maturity stage were reflected by indicators such as plant height, kernel number per panicle, and 1 000-grain weight. The contents of chlorophyll（SPAD）and malondialdehyde（MDA）, and the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, peroxidase（POD）and catalase（CAT）in wheat leaves of jointing and flowering stages were used to characterize the protective enzyme system. The results showed that elevated temperature significantly reduced the chlorophyll content of wheat grown on yellow-brown soil, black soil, and brick red soil by 9.51%, 19.03% and 4.60%, respectively, and increased the MDA content at the flowering stage by 10.59%, 14.83% and 13.72%. This indicates that warming attenuated leaf function by affecting photosynthesis and membrane lipid peroxidation. Significantly increased SOD, POD, and CAT activities in wheat leaves during the flowering stages indicates that winter wheat leaves maintain a high protective capacity under warming conditions. MDA content and POD activity showed significant negative correlation with yield during the reproductive growth period. In addition, elevated temperature significantly decreased plant height, kernel number per panicle and 1 000-grain weight of wheat grown on yellow-brown and black soils, leading to a 33.86% and 16.53% yield reduction, respectively. The degree of response of wheat grown in black soil to elevated temperature is weaker than that of wheat grown in yellow-brown soil. The 1 000-grain weight of wheat grown in brick red soil was decreased by elevated temperature, but the yield did not decrease significantly. In general, warming slows the growth of winter wheat by reducing photosynthesis and increasing the level of membrane lipid peroxidation. This mitigation effect is weaker on winter wheat in black soil, but stronger on that in yellow-brown soil. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
