| 夏永秋,赵娣,严星,邱捷,颜晓元.我国农业面源污染过程模拟的困境与展望[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(11):2327-2337. |
| 我国农业面源污染过程模拟的困境与展望 |
| Dilemma and prospect of modelling in agricultural non-point source pollution in China |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-31 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0867 |
| 中文关键词: 面源污染模型 田块流失过程 流域迁移过程 多水体 迁移路径 |
| 英文关键词: non-point source pollution model field loss process watershed transportation process multiple water bodies migration pathway |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1700802）；国家自然科学基金项目（42177401，U19A2050） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 夏永秋 | 江苏常熟农田生态系统国家野外观测研究站, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008 | | 赵娣 | 江苏常熟农田生态系统国家野外观测研究站, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | 严星 | 江苏常熟农田生态系统国家野外观测研究站, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | 邱捷 | 江苏常熟农田生态系统国家野外观测研究站, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | 颜晓元 | 江苏常熟农田生态系统国家野外观测研究站, 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 2555 |
| 全文下载次数: 3513 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 我国农业面源污染依然严重，模型是面源污染防控决策支持的有效工具。本文在农业面源污染模型分类的基础上，系统梳理了各类模型在田块流失过程、流域迁移消纳过程中的构建方法。在田块产流过程模拟中，模型大多采用单一超渗或者蓄满产流机制；在流域迁移过程的消纳过程模拟中，迁移路径基于D8算法，采用固定的消纳系数模拟迁移过程中的消纳量。基于我国面源污染产生的特点，本文进一步总结了上述模型在我国农业面源模拟过程中的困境：在田块流失过程中，在我国旱地与水田并存情况下需同时考虑两种产流机制，在南方水域面积大的区域还需考虑农田氨挥发近距离沉降；在地表迁移过程中需考虑多地形（丘陵和平原）、多水体分布特点，地下迁移过程需考虑生物地球化学滞留和水文滞留过程。针对上述困境，文章展望了我国面源污染模型可能的解决方案，以期为我国农业面源污染模型的轻简化和高精度发展提供借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Agricultural non-point source pollution is still serious in China, and model is an effective tool for decision-making support for the prevention and control of non-point source pollution. Based on the classification of agricultural non-point source pollution models, this paper systematically concludes the construction methods of various models in the processes of nutrient loss from field, and transfer and removal in watershed. In the simulation of nutrient loss from field, most models adopt single excess infiltration or excess storage only. In modelling of nutrient transfer and removal in watershed, nutrient is traced based on D8 algorithm, and removal is simulated by using a fixed coefficient. Based on the understanding of non-surface source pollution, this paper further summarizes the challenges in the modelling of agricultural non-surface source process. In the process of nutrient loss from field, the model should be built including both excess infiltration and excess storage processes because of the coexistence of dry land and paddy land. In the southern China with large water area, ammonia deposition from volatilization in planting system should be further included. In the process of watershed transportation, the impacts of multiple terrains（watershed and plains）and multiple water bodies should be emphasized. While in the subsurface migration process, biogeochemical and hydrological retention processes should be considered. In view of the above difficulties, the paper finally discusses the possible solution of Chinese non-point source pollution model, which can provide reference for the model construction with simplification and high accuracy. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
