| 刘少君,李文博,熊启中,李虹颖,李军利,刘荣,郜红建,叶新新.稻虾共作磷素平衡特征及生态经济效益研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(10):2179-2188. |
| 稻虾共作磷素平衡特征及生态经济效益研究 |
| Phosphorus balance and eco-economic benefits in the integrated rice-crayfish system |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0263 |
| 中文关键词: 稻虾共作 磷平衡 磷循环 经济效益 |
| 英文关键词: integrated rice-crayfish system phosphorus balance phosphorus cycle economic benefits |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0301302）；国家自然科学基金项目（41701581）；安徽省杰出青年科学基金项目（2008085J13）；长江经济带磷资源高效利用创新平台项目（KJ20190197） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘少君 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 李文博 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 熊启中 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 李虹颖 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 合肥 230001 | | | 李军利 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 刘荣 | 安徽六国化工股份有限公司, 安徽 铜陵 244021 | | | 郜红建 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 叶新新 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | xxye@ahau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究稻虾共作生态系统磷素平衡状况和利用效率，通过田间试验，采用投入产出法，设置3个处理：水稻单作（RM）、稻虾共作投食（RC feed 1）、稻虾共作不投食（RC feed 0），分析了稻虾共作种植模式下水稻产量、磷素平衡状况、利用效率、环境风险以及经济效益。研究结果表明： 3种处理水稻产量无显著差异；农田磷平衡均表现为盈余，RC feed 0处理农田磷盈余低于RM和RC feed 1处理；与RM和RC feed 1处理相比较，RC feed 0处理水稻茎叶磷素吸收量显著增加（P<0.05），磷素利用率较高。在种植前期（6—8月），RC feed 0处理较RC feed 1处理显著降低了稻田田面水总磷和溶解磷的浓度；在水稻收获时，3个处理间稻田田面水总磷和溶解磷的浓度无显著差异。与RM处理相比较，RC feed 0和RC feed 1处理净收入分别增加了54.22%和51.11%。在综合考虑水稻产量效应、磷素平衡、磷素环境风险和经济效益的条件下，稻虾共作不投食模式是一种资源利用率较高、环境风险较小、经济效益好的种养模式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Recently, the rice-crayfish system has developed rapidly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. The integrated rice-crayfish system is an emerging complex ecological system for planting and breeding in this region. The study of P balance and P use efficiency in the integrated rice-crayfish system is of great significance to systematically guide P management, optimize the rice-crayfish symbiosis system, and to assess the environmental and economic benefits. In this study, a field experiment was conducted and included three treatments:rice monoculture system(RM), rice-crayfish with feed(RC feed 1), and rice-crayfish without feed(RC feed 0). The rice yield, P balance, P use efficiency, and economic and ecological benefits of the integrated rice-crayfish system were then analyzed. The results showed that there were no significant differences in rice yield across treatments, and the P balance of all three treatments in the farmland system were in surplus. The P surplus in the RC feed 0 treatment was lower than that in the RM and RC feed 1 treatments. The P uptake efficiency and P accumulation in the stems and leaves of rice in the RC feed 0 treatment were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those in the RM and RC feed 1 treatments. In the early stage(from June to August), the RC feed 0 treatment significantly reduced the total P(TP) and dissolved P(DP) concentrations in the surface water, compared with the RM and RC feed 1 treatments. There were no significant differences in TP and DP concentrations at the harvest stage. Compared with the RM treatment, RC feed 0 and RC feed 1 treatments increased net revenue by 54.22% and 51.11%, respectively. Considering rice yield, P surplus, and environmental effects, the integrated rice-crayfish system without feed is a suitable alternative for rice crop systems in this area and could be a recommended model for this region due to the high utilization efficiency of resources, low environmental risk, and good economic benefits. |
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