| 王娣,马闯,高欢,刘恒,徐会宁,吴蔓莉.微生物强化对石油污染土壤的修复特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(12):2798-2805. |
| 微生物强化对石油污染土壤的修复特性研究 |
| Study of survival conditions and growth of petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in petroleumcontaminated soil |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0534 |
| 中文关键词: 烃降解菌 石油污染土壤 生物强化 菌群结构 接种量 湿度 |
| 英文关键词: hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria petroleum-contaminated soil bioaugmentation community structure inoculation amount moisture content |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52070154，21577109）；陕西省自然科学基础研究基金项目（2015JM5163） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王娣 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | | | 马闯 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | | | 高欢 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | | | 刘恒 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | | | 徐会宁 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | | | 吴蔓莉 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | 447005853@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过实验室模拟修复研究了接种量为103~108 cfu·g-1的降解菌群在土壤中生长的湿度条件和存活状况、对土著菌群的影响作用以及对石油烃的去除效果。结果表明，从石油污染土壤中筛选出的石油烃降解菌群主要由变形菌门（Proteobacteria，99.75%）-γ-变形菌纲（Gamma-proteobacteria，99.49%）-假单胞菌目（Pseudomonadales，99.36%）-莫拉氏菌科（Moraxellaceae，87.33%）-不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter，87.32%）和假单胞菌科（Pseudomonadaceae，12.04%）-假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas，12.00%）组成。利用筛选的降解菌群在土壤湿度为5.4%、接种量为108 cfu·g-1土的条件下对污染土壤修复60 d，石油烃去除率为10.61%；在土壤湿度为15.0%、接种量为107 cfu·g-1土时对石油烃去除率为18.67%。在5.4%和15.0%湿度下接种7 d，土壤中变形菌门相对丰度由28.22%增加至57.98%~66.35%，不动杆菌属相对丰度由0.04%增加至25.86%~30.25%，假单胞菌属由初始时的0.26%增加至5.03%~30.87%，说明在不同湿度条件下，接种的降解菌均能迅速生长为土壤中的优势菌；接种60 d时，其仍保持存活状态。研究表明，降解菌群的接种改变了土壤菌群结构，使土壤菌群的alpha多样性明显降低。土壤污染物的去除不仅依靠某种优势菌的特定降解功能，还需要土壤菌群的协同代谢作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil by inoculating hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms is widely applied presently. However, there are few studies on the growth and survival of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms and their effects on petroleum hydrocarbon degradation. In this study, the proliferation and survival conditions of inoculating strains, as well as their effects on petroleum degradation, were determined by laboratory simulation of remediation. The results showed that the compositions of petroleumdegrading bacterial flora mainly included the Proteobacteria phylum(99.75%), Gamma-proteobacteria class(99.49%), Pseudomonadales order(99.36%), Moraxellaceae family(87.33%)Acinetobacter sp.(87.32%), and Pseudomonadaceae family(12.04%)Pseudomonas sp. (12.00%). When the soil moisture content and the inoculation amount of degrading strains were 5.4% and 108 cfu·g-1 respectively, the removal efficiency of total petroleum hydrocarbons was 10.61%; the removal efficiency increased to 18.67% when the soil moisture content and the bacteria inoculation amount were 15.0% and 107 cfu·g-1, respectively. After 7 days of inoculation, the relative abundance of the Proteobacteria phylum increased from 28.22% to 57.98%~66.35%; Acinetobacter genus increased from 0.04% to 25.86%~30.25%; and Pseudomonas genus increased from 0.26% to 5.03%~30.87%. The results indicated that the strains proliferated rapidly after 7 days of inoculation under various soil moisture contents. Inoculation of exogenous bacteria changed the soil bacterial community structures and reduced the alpha diversity significantly. The removal of the contaminants not only depends on the specific function of some dominant bacteria but also requires the synergetic metabolism of soil flora. |
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