| 李想,龙振华,朱彦谚,杨昳,李明堂.东北设施叶菜类蔬菜镉铅污染安全生产分区研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(10):2239-2248. |
| 东北设施叶菜类蔬菜镉铅污染安全生产分区研究 |
| Zoning of cadmium and lead pollution for the safe production of facility leafy vegetables in northeast China |
| 投稿时间：2020-03-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0315 |
| 中文关键词: 设施叶菜类蔬菜 安全生产分区 镉 铅 物种敏感性分布法 |
| 英文关键词: facility leafy vegetables zoning for safe production cadmium lead species sensitivity distribution method |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0801104）；吉林省自然科学基金（20180101084JC） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 近年来东北地区设施蔬菜种植业发展迅速，导致菜地土壤出现了不同程度的镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）污染，影响了蔬菜的安全生产。本文以保护90%和5%的蔬菜品种为划分依据，利用物种敏感性分布法对Cd和Pb污染设施蔬菜土壤进行了安全生产分区研究。结果表明，蔬菜中Cd和Pb的含量超标率分别为23.53%和20.59%。蔬菜对Cd的富集系数与土壤pH呈显著性负相关关系（P<0.05），而对Pb的富集系数与土壤有机质的含量呈显著性正相关关系（P<0.05）。菠菜和小白菜对Cd的富集能力较强，而油麦菜对Cd的富集能力较弱。小白菜和韭菜对Pb的富集能力较强，而茼蒿对Pb的富集能力较弱。建议设施叶菜类蔬菜宜产区、限产区和禁产区土壤中Cd的含量分别为≤0.43、0.43~2.88 mg·kg-1和≥2.88 mg·kg-1；Pb的含量分别为≤24.21、24.21~392.31 mg·kg-1和≥392.31 mg·kg-1。设施叶菜类蔬菜对Cd和Pb的吸收富集特征不同，并且在蔬菜样品间也表现出了明显的差异，因此进行宜产区、限产区和禁产区划分对Cd和Pb污染设施蔬菜土壤的安全生产具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The rapid development of the facility vegetable planting industry in northeast China has led to different levels of cadmium(Cd) and lead(Pb)pollution in the soil, which has affected the safe production of vegetables. Based on the protection of 90% and 5% of vegetable varieties, the safe production zoning of Cd and Pb contaminated vegetable soil was studied using the species sensitivity distribution method. The results showed that the Cd and Pb in vegetables were 23.53% and 20.59% higher than that of the standard rates, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between the enrichment coefficient of Cd in vegetables and soil pH(P<0.05), while there was a significant negative correlation between the enrichment coefficient of Pb in vegetables and the soil organic matter content (P<0.05). Spinach and pakchoi had a strong ability to accumulate Cd, whereas Indian lettuce vegetable had a weak ability to accumulate Cd. Pakchoi and leek had a strong ability to accumulate Pb, whereas chrysanthemum had a weak ability to accumulate Pb. The study suggested that the Cd content in the soil for the suitable, limited and forbidden production zones of facility leafy vegetables was ≤ 0.43 mg·kg-1, 0.43~2.88 mg·kg-1, and ≥ 2.88 mg·kg-1, respectively, whereas the Pb content for those zones in the soil was ≤ 24.21 mg·kg-1, 24.21~392.31 mg·kg-1, and ≥ 392.31 mg·kg-1, respectively. The absorption and accumulation characteristics of Cd and Pb in facility leafy vegetables were different, and there were obvious differences among vegetable samples. Therefore, the division of suitable, limited and forbidden production areas is of great significance for the safe production of Cd and Pb contaminated facility vegetable soil. |
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