典型季节规模化猪场氨排放特征研究

纪英杰; 沈根祥; 徐昶; 周忠强; 王振旗; 钱晓雍; 王晶璐; 叶贤满

文章摘要

纪英杰,沈根祥,徐昶,周忠强,王振旗,钱晓雍,王晶璐,叶贤满.典型季节规模化猪场氨排放特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(11):2573-2582.

典型季节规模化猪场氨排放特征研究

Seasonal ammonia emission from intensive pig farm by high resolution online monitor

投稿时间：2019-05-21

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-0558

中文关键词: 氨排放特征规模化养猪场大气污染

英文关键词: ammonia emission characteristics large-scale pig farms air pollution

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC0213303）；上海市环保科研项目（2017-01，2018-22）；上海市科技兴农项目（沪农科创字（2019）第3-1号）

作者	单位	E-mail
纪英杰	东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620
沈根祥	东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233	shengx@saes.sh.cn
徐昶	上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233
周忠强	华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 上海 200237
王振旗	上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233
钱晓雍	上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233
王晶璐	, 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
叶贤满	, 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007

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中文摘要:

为探求典型季节规模化猪场主要污染环节的氨排放特征，通过高分辨率在线监测设备对上海典型某规模化猪场的肉猪养殖棚舍与堆粪棚的氨浓度进行连续监测，获取主要环节典型季节的氨排放通量水平。研究结果表明，肉猪养殖棚舍夏秋两季平均氨浓度水平分别为3.31±0.31 mg·m^-3和4.91±0.56 mg·m^-3，而堆粪棚夏秋两季氨浓度水平分别为6.26±1.57 mg·m^-3和3.19±0.61 mg·m^-3。肉猪棚舍夏秋两季氨浓度日小时范围分别为2.9~3.7 mg·m^-3和3.8~5.5 mg·m^-3，即夏季肉猪棚舍氨浓度呈先上升后下降的趋势，主要受温度、畜禽活动强度的影响；秋季肉猪棚舍氨浓度变化趋势为先下降后上升，主要受9：00-15：00机械通风运行模式的影响。肉猪养殖棚舍夏秋两季的氨排放通量分别为10.12±0.96 g·d^-1·头^-1和7.07±1.58 g·d^-1·头^-1，堆粪棚夏秋两季氨排放通量分别为2.99±0.69 g·d^-1·头^-1和0.89±0.31 g·d^-1·头^-1。相关性分析表明，在夏季，通风量是影响肉猪养殖棚舍氨排放通量的主导因素，而在秋季，氨排放通量则更多地受到温度与湿度的影响。

英文摘要:

This study was focused on ammonia emission from an intensive pig farm, where ammonia concentration in piggeries and manure sheds was monitored using high-resolution online monitor during the typical time of seasons. The results showed that the average seasonal ammonia concentrations in the piggery shed were 3.31±0.31 mg·m^-3 during summer and 4.91±0.56 mg·m^-3 during autumn. The figures for manure shed were 6.26±1.57 mg·m^-3 for summer, and 3.19±0.61 mg·m^-3 for autumn. The hourly ammonia concentrations of the piggery shed demonstrated significant seasonal differences with 2.9~3.7 mg·m^-3 and 3.8~5.5 mg·m^-3 in summer and autumn respectively. The ammonia emission in summer increased initially and decreased later, mainly due to the effect of temperature and livestock activity intensity, whereas the ammonia emission in autumn decreased first within the mechanical ventilation mode from 9:00 to 15:00, and then increased within the natural ventilation mode. The ammonia emission fluxes in the piggery were 10.12±0.96 and 7.07±1.58 g·d^-1·head^-1 for summer and autumn respectively, whereas in the manure shed, the figures were 2.99±0.69 and 0.89±0.31 g·d^-1·head^-1, respectively. Correlation analysis indicated that in the studied piggery, ventilation was the dominant factor for ammonia emission during summer, whereas temperature and humidity were the major factors during autumn.

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