| 王梦凡,俞映倞,杨梖,谢斐,侯朋福,杨林章,薛利红,孙庆业.不同表面分子膜材料抑制稻田氨挥发的效果及其作用途径[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(8):1685-1695. |
| 不同表面分子膜材料抑制稻田氨挥发的效果及其作用途径 |
| Effect of different surface molecular membrane materials on inhibition of ammonia volatilization and the action pathways in paddy fields |
| 投稿时间：2019-06-11 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-0657 |
| 中文关键词: 氨挥发 稻田 分子膜 田面水 气-液界面 |
| 英文关键词: ammonia volatilization paddy molecular membrane field water gas-liquid interface |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0801101）；江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目（CX（19）3646） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王梦凡 | 安徽大学资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230601
江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 俞映倞 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 杨梖 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 谢斐 | 江苏省林业科学研究院, 南京 211153 | | | 侯朋福 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 杨林章 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 薛利红 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | njxuelihong@gmail.com | | 孙庆业 | 安徽大学资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230601 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 表面分子膜是抑制稻田氨挥发的一种经济环保的手段，但适宜膜材料的选取及作用途径尚未明确，为此，试验选取聚乳酸（PLA）、玉米蛋白、Span60为表面分子膜材料，根据材料的溶解度和成膜状态确定各材料添加比例，PLA添加比例为2、4、6、8 g·m-2（以干性物质计，下同），玉米蛋白1、2、4、8 g·m-2，Span60 1、2、4、6 g·m-2。通过开展控温培养试验，比较不同分子膜材料对氨挥发的控制效果及其主要作用途径。结果表明，PLA、玉米蛋白、Span60三种材料均降低了肥后一周内的氨挥发排放量，降低比例分别为6.61%~18.10%、6.71%~21.78%、4.32%~9.51%。PLA、玉米蛋白通过降低田面水铵态氮浓度和pH值共同作用抑制氨挥发，含2 g·m-2的玉米醇溶蛋白和含8 g·m-2的PLA对氨挥发有较好的抑制作用，与对照相比可分别降低氨挥发排放量12.46%和9.61%；Span60主要通过降低田面水铵态氮浓度抑制氨挥发，但添加比例过高会增加田面水铵态氮浓度，最佳添加比例为1 g·m-2，与对照相比可降低氨挥发排放量5.63%。研究表明，玉米蛋白（2 g·m-2）是较适宜的氨挥发表面分子抑制材料，但其田间实际效果还有待于进一步验证。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The inhibition of ammonia volatilization in paddy fields has great significance of improving nitrogen use efficiency, reducing environment pollution and protecting human health. Surface molecular film is an economic and environmental protection means to inhibit ammonia volatilization in paddy fields, but the selection and action of suitable membrane materials are not clear. Therefore,Polylactic acid (PLA), Zein and Span60 were selected as surface molecular film materials according to their solubility and film formation state. The addition ratios of PLA was 2, 4, 6, and 8 g·m-2 (based on dry matter,same as below), Zein was 1, 2, 4, 8 g·m-2 and Span 60 was 1, 2, 4, 6 g·m-2. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse to compare their control effects of ammonia volatilization and the main action pathways. The results showed that PLA, Zein and Span60 could reduce ammonia volatilization in the liquid-gas interface by 6.61%~18.10%, 6.71%~21.78%, 4.32%~9.51%, respectively. The amount of nitrogen loss from ammonia volatilization also decreased significantly during one week after the fertilization. PLA and Zein inhibited ammonia volatilization by reducing the concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and values of pH in the surface water. Zein with 2 g·m-2 and PLA with 8 g·m-2 showed better inhibiting effect on ammonia volatilization. Span60 mainly reduce the ammonia volatilization by reducing the ammonium nitrogen concentration in the field water, but the excessive addition ratio increased the ammonium nitrogen concentration, and the best addition ratio was 1 g·m-2, which reduced the ammonia emission by 5.63%. Therefore, this study indicated that Zein with 2 g·m-2 additional ratio was a suitable molecular surface inhibition material for ammonia volatilization. Further study will be needed in the paddy field. |
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