| 王姣,田海霞,和文祥.蜈蚣草内生及根际砷还原菌的表征[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(12):2765-2773. |
| 蜈蚣草内生及根际砷还原菌的表征 |
| Identification of As (Ⅴ)-reducing bacteria from the rhizosphere and tissues of Pteris vittata L. |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0156 |
| 中文关键词: 砷积累 砷还原菌株 arsC 砷生物修复 |
| 英文关键词: arsenic accumulation arsenic-reducing bacteria arsC arsenic bioremediation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41603116，41571245）；中国博士后科学基金项目（2016M602864） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 砷还原菌是影响自然环境中砷转化的主要生物因素，其多样性特征及还原机制研究将为土壤砷污染修复奠定重要基础。本文采用4种培养基及两种培养方法，从蜈蚣草体内及其根际土壤中筛选砷还原菌，并探讨其还原特征及机制。结果表明，共获得23株砷抗性菌，分别属于2个门、10个属，其中假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）为优势菌群。23株菌表现出了不同的砷抗性及还原特征，抗砷浓度范围分别为80~150 mmol·L-1[As（Ⅴ）]与5~30 mmol·L-1[As（Ⅲ）]。在含1 mmol·L-1 As（Ⅴ）的培养体系中，菌株砷还原率范围为0%~100%，砷累积率为3%~79%。其中，Pseudomonas sp.S2、Pseudomonas sp.P3、Staphylococcus sp.S14及Agrobacterium sp.P1具有较高的砷累积率（75%~79%）与还原率（81%~100%）。21株菌存在抗砷及砷还原的重要基因arsC，揭示其是砷还原菌株中普遍存在的砷还原基因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Arsenic-reducing bacteria are the main biological factor affecting arsenic transformation in the natural environment. Investigation of the diversity and reduction mechanism of arsenic-reducing bacteria will be an important foundation for arsenic pollution remediation. To obtain aerobic arsenic-reducing bacteria and determine their arsenic-reducing characteristics, four media and two culture methods were employed. The results showed that 23 arsenic-resistant strains from 2 phyla and 10 genera were screened from the rhizosphere and tissues of Pteris vittata L. Most of the isolated bacteria were identified as being from the genus Pseudomonas. The 23 isolated bacterial strains exhibited distinct arsenic resistance and reducing abilities. The As (Ⅴ) -resistance concentration ranged from 80 to 300 mmol·L-1, and the As (Ⅲ) -resistance concentration ranged from 2 to 30 mmol·L-1. In the medium with 1 mmol·L-1 of As (Ⅴ), the 23 isolated bacterial strains reduced 0%~100% of the arsenate to arsenite and removed 3%~79% of the arsenic from the medium. It was found that among these 23 isolated bacterial strains, four of them, i.e., Pseudomonas sp. S2, Pseudomonas sp. P3, Staphylococcus sp. S14, and Agrobacterium sp. P1, were able to remove 75%~79% of the arsenic from the culture medium and reduce more than 81% of the arsenate to arsenite. The arsenicreducing mechanism of all 23 isolated bacterial strains was detected. The arsC gene, which is well known for its involvement in arsenate reduction, was amplified from 21 of the strains, indicating its prevalence in arsenic-reducing bacteria. |
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