豆科秸秆、氮肥配施玉米秸秆还田对秸秆矿化和微生物功能多样性的影响

李涛; 葛晓颖; 何春娥; 欧阳竹

文章摘要

李涛,葛晓颖,何春娥,欧阳竹.豆科秸秆、氮肥配施玉米秸秆还田对秸秆矿化和微生物功能多样性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(12):2377-2384.

豆科秸秆、氮肥配施玉米秸秆还田对秸秆矿化和微生物功能多样性的影响

Effects of straw retention with mixing maize straw by alfalfa straw or N fertilizer on carbon and nitrogen mineralization and microbial functional diversity

投稿时间：2016-04-19

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-0539

中文关键词: 豆科秸秆玉米秸秆 C/N比碳氮矿化土壤微生物

英文关键词: legume straw maize straw C/N ratio C and N mineralization soil microorganism

基金项目:国家863计划项目（2013AA102903）

作者	单位	E-mail
李涛	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
葛晓颖	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101
何春娥	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101
欧阳竹	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101	ouyz@igsnrr.ac.cn

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中文摘要:

基于施入物料的C/N比，采用室内培养试验，研究了苜蓿秸秆或者氮肥配施玉米秸秆在相同C/N（25：1）下施入土壤对秸秆矿化和土壤微生物功能多样性的影响。结果表明：相比于玉米秸秆单施和氮肥配施玉米秸秆，苜蓿秸秆配施玉米秸秆提高了CO₂累积释放量，降低了施入有机碳的矿化率，提高了土壤有机碳含量，有利于碳的存储。苜蓿秸秆或者氮肥配施玉米秸秆施入土壤提高了土壤无机氮含量，缓解了对土壤氮素固持作用；苜蓿秸秆配施玉米秸秆相比于氮肥配施玉米秸秆，延长了氮素的可利用性。秸秆施入提高了土壤微生物群落的生理代谢活性，但对微生物功能多样性指数没有显著性影响。氮输入量与土壤无机氮含量显著影响了群落生理代谢活性。

英文摘要:

Based on C/N ratio, an indoor-incubation experiment was used to study the effect of applying maize straw with high quality alfalfa straw or N fertilizer on C and N mineralization and microbial functional diversity under the same C/N ratio(25:1). Four incubation experiments were:soil with no addition(CK); soil amended with maize straw(M); soil amended with alfalfa straw and maize straw with an adjusted C/N ratio of 25:1(MM); soil amended with inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and maize straw with an adjusted C/N ratio of 25:1(MF). The incubation was conducted at 25℃ in the whole experiment duration. The results showed that:compared to treatments of M and MF, MM treatment improved cumulative CO₂ emissions, but leaded to a lowest C mineralization rate. MM treatment had the highest of SOC content among the three treatments. Maize straw leaded to a N immobilization during the 270 d of incubation. Combined application of alfalfa and maize straw and combined application mineral N fertilizer alleviate the N immobilization and increase soil mineral N content. Compared to MF treatment, MM treatment prolonged N availability during the incubation. Straw retention improved the community-level metabolic activity, but straw retention had little impact on soil microbial functional diversity. The content of added N and soil mineral N content significantly affected the community-level physiological profile.

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