| 黄玫英,罗洁文,黄彩凤,周垂帆.Pb在类芦组织和亚细胞中的分布规律和毒害效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(11):2077-2085. |
| Pb在类芦组织和亚细胞中的分布规律和毒害效应 |
| The distribution and toxic effects of Pb at the levels of the tissue and sub-cellular in Neyraudia reynaudiana |
| 投稿时间：2016-05-06 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-0627 |
| 中文关键词: Pb，类芦，组织结构，亚细胞，SEM，TEM-EDS |
| 英文关键词: Pb, Neyraudia reynaudiana, tissue, sub-cellular, scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(TEM-EDS) |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD15B02)；农业高校产学合作科技重大项目(2013N5002)；福建省高校杰出青年科研人才培育计划项目(2015)；福建省自然科学基金项目(2013J01073) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过研究类芦体内Pb在组织和亚细胞水平的毒害效应和分布规律，分析类芦对Pb的耐性机制，为了解类芦对重金属的富集能力、耐性机制及逆境生理提供理论依据。采用营养液培养的方法，以Pb为目标污染物，胁迫后测定类芦体内(分为根和叶)Pb在各亚细胞组分的含量，并分别通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱透射电子显微镜(TEM-EDS)观察Pb在组织和亚细胞的分布以及对其损伤情况。结果显示：从组织水平来看，Pb胁迫下组织结构由排列整齐变为不规则，局部出现较大破损而形成一些碎片，并出现晶体堵塞导管的现象，从亚细胞水平来看，类芦根叶细胞均损伤，出现细胞壁模糊、线粒体减少、叶绿体肿胀等现象，在根部Pb主要分布于细胞壁(12.28 mg·kg-1)和以液泡为主的可溶组分(38.82 mg·kg-1)，而叶片中以可溶组分占比例最大(32.56%)，且EDS元素分析也显示细胞内含有大量Pb。这些结果表明，类芦对Pb有一定的吸收富集能力，并可通过改变Pb在其组织和亚细胞水平的分布来降低毒害作用，因此类芦对重金属Pb有较强的耐性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to examine the phytoremediation potential of Neyraudia reynaudiana,the study explored the toxic effects and distribution of lead(Pb) at the levels of the tissue and sub-cellular in this species and analyzed the supplementing the growth medium with Pb as a target pollutant. After cultivation was concluded,the uptake of sub-cellular Pb was determined,and the distribution of Pb as well as the Pb-induced damage was respectively assessed through scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(TEM-EDS). Pb caused the tissues to become irregular and fragmented by injuries;additionally,a portion of the catheters were filled with crystals.At the sub-cellular level,many phenomena demonstrated that leaf and root cells were harmed;for example,cell walls became vague,mitochondria were less numerous,and chloroplasts were swollen. Pb was mainly distributed in the cell wall(12.28 mg·kg-1) and the vacuole(38.82 mg·kg-1) of root cells,and it accounted for 32.56% of the total biomass in the leaves.In addition, the EDS analysis found a significant amount of Pb in cells.These results suggest that N.reynaudiana has a strong ability to both absorb and tolerate Pb. Moreover,the species may alter the distribution of Pb at both the tissue and the sub-cellular levels to reduce toxicity.Therefore,N.reynaudiana is well suited for phytoremediation in Southern China and elsewhere. |
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