| 李春华,曾青,朱建国,刘钢.大气CO2浓度升高对不同类型水稻灌浆期有机物合成与分配的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(5):824-833. |
| 大气CO2浓度升高对不同类型水稻灌浆期有机物合成与分配的影响 |
| Synthesis and distribution of organic substances in different types of rice during filling stage under elevated atmospheric CO2 condition |
| 投稿时间：2015-12-04 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016.05.002 |
| 中文关键词: FACE 粳稻 籼稻 有机物 |
| 英文关键词: FACE japonica indica organic substances |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(31261140364,41271310);科技部国际科技合作与交流项目(2010DFA22770);中国科学院知识创新方向项目(KZCX2-EW-414) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确不同类型水稻对高浓度CO2的响应差异,应用先进的FACE(Free air CO2 enrichment)试验平台,以粳稻(Japonica)武运粳21(WYJ21)和籼稻(Indica)扬稻6(YD6)为试材,研究灌浆期两种类型水稻体内有机物含量的变化。与对照相比,WYJ21籽粒中直链和支链淀粉含量在FACE处理下略有增加,YD6籽粒中直链淀粉含量在完熟期显著高于对照8.9%;WYJ21籽粒中α淀粉酶、β淀粉酶活性变化不显著,YD6籽粒中β淀粉酶活性在完熟期显著低于对照28.1%;WYJ21籽粒蔗糖含量在乳熟期高于对照11.5%,YD6籽粒中蔗糖含量在蜡熟期低于对照14.4%,WYJ21和YD6茎中蔗糖含量分别在蜡熟和乳熟期显著下降。FACE下两水稻品种茎中蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性变化自乳熟至完熟期呈现先降后升的趋势,且均在中后期达到显著水平,WYJ21在灌浆前期茎中磷酸蔗糖合成酶(SPS)活性显著增加,YD6茎中SPS活性在灌浆后期显著增加;FACE处理降低了两水稻茎中蛋白质含量,其中WYJ21茎中蛋白质含量在蜡熟期显著下降38.5%,YD6茎中蛋白质含量在蜡熟和完熟期分别下降33.9%和60.5%。CO2、时期、品种对水稻茎中蔗糖含量、SS和SPS活性的影响达到显著水平;CO2、时期、品种以及它们的交互作用显著影响直链和支链淀粉含量、α与β淀粉酶活性以及蛋白质含量。上述结果表明,不同类型水稻在不同灌浆时期对高浓度CO2的响应程度不同,籼稻YD6的响应程度要大于粳稻WYJ21。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration([CO2]) may enhance carbonhydrate content but decrease protein concentrations in plants. Here a field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of CO2 enrichment on synthesis and distribution of organic substances in two different types of rice, Wuyunjing 21(WYJ21, Japonica) and Yangdao6(YD6, Indica) under Free-air CO2 enrichment(FACE) conditions in China. Compared with the control, amylose and amylopectin content in grains of WYJ21 was increased slightly under CO2 enrichment, whereas the amylase content in YD6 grains significantly increased by 8.9%. Meanwhile, the β-amylose activity in grains of YD6 under FACE was significantly decreased by 28.1% at post-filling stage, while no significant changes in α-amylose and β-amylose were observed in WYJ21. The sucrose content in grains was 11.5% higher at milk stage in WYJ21, but 14.4% lower at ripening stage in YD6 than the control check, respectively. Meanwhile, the sucrose content in stems of WYJ21 and YD6 under FACE was significantly reduced at ripening stage and milk stage, respectively. In addition, the sucrose synthetase(SS) activity of stems in both rice types was significantly increased at post-filling stage. FACE increased the sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS) activity of stems in WYJ21 at pre-filling stage and increased that of YD6 at post-filling stage. On the other hand, FACE decreased the protein content in stems of WYJ21 by 38.5% at ripening stage and by 33.9% and 60.5% in YD6 at ripening stage and full ripe stage, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that CO2, stages and cultivars significantly affected the sucrose content and SS and SPS activities in stems. CO2, stage, cultivar and/or their interactions significantly affect the amylose and amylopectin content, α-amylose and β-amylose activity, and protein content. All these results demonstrated that different responses were detected in different types of rice to elevated [CO2] during the filling stage. Rice YD6 had greater CO2 responses to some extent than WYJ21. |
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