丹江口水库水质评价及水污染特征

朱媛媛; 田进军; 李红亮; 江秋枫; 刘琰

文章摘要

朱媛媛,田进军,李红亮,江秋枫,刘琰.丹江口水库水质评价及水污染特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(1):139-147.

丹江口水库水质评价及水污染特征

Water qaulity assessment and pollution profile identification of Danjiangkou Reservoir,China

投稿时间：2015-07-21

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016.01.019

中文关键词: 丹江口库区水质评价单因子评价法综合污染指数法主成分分析法

英文关键词: Danjiangkou Reservoir single factor assessment water quality assessment comprehensive pollution index principle component analysis

基金项目:环保公益性行业科研专项(201309067);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(2014ZX07405-001-04)

作者	单位	E-mail
朱媛媛	中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 国家环境保护饮用水水源地保护重点实验室, 北京 100012 北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院环境工程系, 北京 100083
田进军	南阳理工学院生物与化学工程学院, 河南南阳 473004
李红亮	河南省环境监测中心, 河南郑州 450004
江秋枫	中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 国家环境保护饮用水水源地保护重点实验室, 北京 100012
刘琰	中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 国家环境保护饮用水水源地保护重点实验室, 北京 100012	liuyan@craes.org.cn

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中文摘要:

在南水北调中线工程通水前夕,为了解丹江口库区水质状况及影响库区水质的主要污染因子,于2014年平水期(5月)、丰水期(8月)、枯水期(12月)对库区内26个点位表层水样进行采集,分别采用单因子评价法、综合污染指数法和主成分分析法对库区水质进行评价。单因子评价结果表明,TN对水质评价结果有重要影响,参与评价时库区水质为Ⅳ类或Ⅴ类。综合污染指数法评价结果表明,库区水质整体处于中污染,平水期水质优于枯水期和丰水期,且丹江库区(DK)水质劣于汉江库区(HK);总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、高锰酸盐指数(COD_Mn)及生化需氧量(BOD₅)为库区的主要污染因子。主成分分析法结果表明,库区水质主要受溶解氧(DO)、TN、BOD₅及COD_Mn的影响;DK各点位主成分得分均值高于HK各点位主成分得分均值,也说明HK水质整体上略优于DK水质。

英文摘要:

Danjiangkou Reservoir is the main source of water for the “middle-route” of South to North Water Diversion Project in China. Its water quality directly affects the safety of drinking water for residents along the route. In this study, 26 surface water samples were collected in normal-(May), high-(August) and low-water(December) periods in 2014, of which 14 samples were located in Danjing Reservoir(DK)and 12 samples in Hanjiang Reservoir(HK). Total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), five-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD₅), dissolveed oxygen(DO), permanganate index(COD_Mn), ammonia nitrogen(NH₃-N), nitrate nitrogen(NO₃^--N) and pH were analyzed. Single factor assessment(SFA), comprehensive pollution index(CPI) and principal component analysis(PCA) were applied to evaluate the water quality. The SFA showed that the water quality of the reservoir was strongly influenced by TN, with the water quality being ranked at Ⅳ or Ⅴfor all locations. The CPI indicated that the water quality of this reservoir was at the medium pollution level in 2014, with slightly better water quality in normal period than in other two periods. TN, BOD₅, COD_Mn and TP were the main impact factors of the water quality. The PCA showed that DO, TN, BOD₅ and COD_Mn had an important effect on the water quality. The water quality in HK was better than that in DK.

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