| 胡毅鸿,周蕾,李欣,徐凡迪,王霖,莫冬志,周亮,王欣.石门雄黄矿区As污染研究Ⅰ—As空间分布、化学形态与酸雨溶出特性[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(8):1515-1521. |
| 石门雄黄矿区As污染研究Ⅰ—As空间分布、化学形态与酸雨溶出特性 |
| Arsenic Contamination in Shimen Realgar Mine Ⅰ--As Spatial Distribution, Chemical Fractionations and Leaching |
| 投稿时间：2015-03-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.08.012 |
| 中文关键词: 砷 矿渣 农田土壤 河流 化学形态 酸雨淋溶 |
| 英文关键词: Arsenic mine tailings farmland surface water chemical fraction acid rain |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41301339);湖南省重点学科(201201);湖南省自然科学基金(13JJ4044);湖南省高校创新平台开放基金(14K056) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了全面识别湖南石门雄黄矿区环境的As污染现状,为矿区环境修复和生态健康提供依据,系统分析了该矿区矿渣、农田土壤与地表水体中As污染的空间分布、形态组成和酸雨溶出特性。结果表明:石门雄黄矿区矿渣As浓度高达10.3~389.3 g·kg-1,XRD分析表明As主要以其矿物晶体As2S3形态存在,SPLP模拟酸雨浸提矿渣As溶出浓度达到16.5~84.0 mg·L-1;矿渣上层覆土As浓度高达3.8~27.3 g·kg-1,超出国家土壤环境质量三级标准95~682倍,覆土的酸雨浸出液中As浓度达到0.1~0.6 mg·L-1,超出国家Ⅴ类地表水质量阈值1~6倍。由于矿渣渗滤液污染,矿区黄水河As含量峰值达到765 μg·L-1;矿区农田土壤As含量为43~2268 mg·kg-1,其中水溶态、表面吸附态、Fe/Al结合态和碳酸盐结合态As分别占总As 的1.0%、1.6%、27.0%和11.5%,高As值集中分布于果树种植区;在模拟酸雨淋溶与施用磷肥条件下,农田土壤As浸出浓度达到0.03~4.6 mg·L-1。根据以上结果,高浓度含As矿渣是石门雄黄矿区农田土壤和河流发生持久性严重As污染的重要贡献源,可进一步通过食物链造成人体As暴露。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Shimen realgar mine, the largest realgar deposit in Asia, has caused the most severe arsenic(As) contamination in China, with an extremely high incidence of cancer in this area. In order to characterize As contamination in Shimen realgar mining area and thus provide the basis for environmental restoration and ecological health assessments, a systematical investigation on As spatial distribution, chemical fractionation and/or leaching of mine tailings, farmland soils and surface water in this area was carried out. Arsenic in the mine tailings was up to 10.3~389.3 g·kg-1, mainly as As2S3 crystal. Arsenic concentrations in the simulated acid rain extraction from the mine tailings were 16.5~84.0 mg·L-1. The upper layer of soils contained As up to 3.8~27.3 g·kg-1, with acid-rain dissoluble As of 0.1~0.6 mg·L-1. Due to As inputs from the subsurface runoff, As level in Huangshui River reached a peak value of 765 μg·L-1. Arsenic content in the farmland soils ranged from 43 to 2268 mg·kg-1, with the highest As spots distributed in fruit-growing area. Sequential extraction showed that water-soluble, surface adsorbed, Fe/Al associated, and carbonate bound As were c. 1.0%, 1.6%, 27.0% and 11.5% of total As, respectively. Under simulated acid rain and phosphate application, As in soil pore water was 0.03~4.6 mg·L-1. Taken together, the present study indicates that mine tailings with high As would become a critically important source of continuous As release into the surrounding soils and waters. |
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