不同耕作措施下秸秆还田土壤CO2排放与溶解性有机碳的动态变化及其关系

秦 越; 李彬彬; 武兰芳

文章摘要

秦越,李彬彬,武兰芳.不同耕作措施下秸秆还田土壤CO2排放与溶解性有机碳的动态变化及其关系[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(7):1442-1449.

不同耕作措施下秸秆还田土壤CO2排放与溶解性有机碳的动态变化及其关系

Dynamics and Interrelationship of CO2 Emissions and Dissolved Organic Carbon in Soils with Crop Residue Retention Under Different Tillage Practices

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.07.027

中文关键词: 秸秆还田 CO2排放溶解性有机碳耕作措施

英文关键词: crop residues retention CO2 emission dissolved organic carbon tillage practice

基金项目:

作者	单位
秦越	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室禹城试验站，北京 100101；中国科学院大学，北京 100049
李彬彬	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室禹城试验站，北京 100101
武兰芳	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室禹城试验站，北京 100101

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中文摘要:

田间定位试验开始于2008年，共设置秸秆还田翻耕（CT+）、无秸秆翻耕（CT-）、秸秆还田免耕（NT+）和无秸秆免耕（NT-）四个处理。利用静态箱——气相色谱法，测定分析了2010—2011年度和2012—2013年度两个小麦生长季内土壤CO2排放、土壤DOC含量及土壤有机质含量的动态变化。结果表明：两个小麦生长季内土壤CO2排放规律基本一致，从当年小麦出苗到越冬土壤CO2排放量下降，第二年小麦返青后，土壤CO2排放量开始上升，到开花期达到排放高峰，其后开始下降直至小麦成熟。各处理2010-2011年、2012—2013年度土壤CO2平均排放通量分别为：CT+246.44、273.94 mg·m-2·h-1，CT-183.54、212.57 mg·m-2·h-1，NT+188.41、200.06 mg·m-2·h-1，NT-179.66、179.10 mg·m-2·h-1。土壤DOC含量的动态变化表现为在一定范围内上下波动，各处理2010—2011年、2012—2013度年土壤DOC平均含量分别为：CT+0.601、0.467 g·kg-1；CT-0.530、0.377 g·kg-1；NT+0.621、0.544 g·kg-1；NT-0.528、0.402 g·kg-1。方差分析表明，秸秆还田能增加土壤CO2排放、DOC含量和有机质含量；翻耕能增加土壤CO2排放，对DOC含量和有机质含量无显著影响；免耕减少土壤CO2排放，对DOC含量无显著影响，能增加土壤有机质含量。相关分析表明，土壤CO2排放与DOC含量动态变化没有显著相关关系，土壤CO2排放总量与土壤有机质含量正相关，DOC含量和土壤有机质含量无明显相关关系。

英文摘要:

Crop residue retention in soils usually enhances organic matter accumulation but may also increase CO2 emissions from soils. A long-term experiment was started in 2008. Four treatments were designed：plowing with residue retention（CT+）, plowing with residue removed（CT-）, no tillage with residue retention（NT+） and no-tillage with residue removed（NT-）. Emissions of CO2 from soils were evaluated by closed static chamber-gas chromatography method. Dissolved organic carbon（DOC） was measured during 2010—2011 and 2012—2013 wheat seasons. The CO2 emissions decreased from the sprout to the wintering stage，then increased from turning green stage, and reached peak values at flowering stage. The CO2 emissions in 2010—2011 and 2012-2013 wheat seasons were CT+：273.94 and 246.44 mg·m-2·h-1；CT-：212.57 and 183.54 mg·m-2·h-1；NT+：188.41 and 200.06 mg·m-2·h-1; and NT-：179.66 and 179.10 mg·m-2·h-1, respectively. During 2010—2011 and 2012—2013 wheat season, the average concentrations of DOC were CT+：0.601 and 0.467 g·kg-1; CT-：0.530 and 0.377 g·kg-1；NT+：0.621 and 0.544 g·kg-1; and NT-：0.528 and 0.402 g·kg-1, respectively. Crop residue retention significantly increased CO2 emissions, DOC and soil organic matter. Tillage significantly increased CO2 emission but had no effects on DOC and organic matter. No-tillage significantly decreased CO2 emissions and increased organic matter concentrations, but did not influence DOC. There was no significant correlation between CO2 emission and DOC. However, CO2 emissions and contents of organic matter were positively correlated. The concentrations of DOC and organic matter were not significantly correlated.

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