不同土壤改良措施对冷浸田温室气体排放的影响

邵玲玲; 邹 平; 杨生茂; 叶 静; 陶林富; 俞巧钢; 符建荣

文章摘要

邵玲玲,邹平,杨生茂,叶静,陶林富,俞巧钢,符建荣.不同土壤改良措施对冷浸田温室气体排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(6):1240-1246.

不同土壤改良措施对冷浸田温室气体排放的影响

Effects of Different Soil Amendments on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Cold Waterlogged Paddy Field

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.06.027

中文关键词: 冷浸田生物炭温室气体排放量

英文关键词: cold waterlogged paddy field biochar greenhouse gas（GHG） emissions

基金项目:

作者	单位
邵玲玲	浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院，浙江金华 321004；浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州 310021
邹平	浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州 310021
杨生茂	浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州 310021；浙江省生物炭工程技术研究中心，杭州 310021
叶静	浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州 310021
陶林富	浙江省临安市於潜镇农业办公室，浙江临安 311311
俞巧钢	浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州 310021
符建荣	浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所，杭州 310021

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中文摘要:

以临安山区典型的冷浸田为试验对象，通过开展田间水稻种植试验，探究生石灰、水稻秸秆和竹质生物炭对冷浸田温室气体（GHG）排放、作物产量和土壤理化性质的影响，旨在为改良冷浸田，实现水稻高产的同时，通过相关措施为实现稻田温室气体减排提供理论依据和技术支撑。结果表明，不同土壤改良处理对水稻产量和土壤肥力都有所提高，其中秸秆还田处理增产效果最显著，产量高达7 728.25 kg·hm-2，而施用生物炭对土壤中全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量的提高效果最明显，增幅分别为15.1%、49.0%和22.1%。与常规施肥处理相比，生石灰处理CH4累积排放量提高了21.9%，而生物炭处理CH4累积排放量降低了33.3%。试验各处理氧化亚氮排放通量和累积排放量都较低，其原因可能是各处理稻田土壤一直处于冷水浸润状态，施用生石灰提高了冷浸田土温，激发了微生物的活动，从而导致CH4大量排放，而施用生物炭改善了稻田土壤通气状况，增强甲烷氧化菌活性，进而导致CH4排放量降低。

英文摘要:

A rice field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of quicklime, rice straw and bamboo biochar applications on the greenhouse gas（GHG） emissions, soil physical-chemical properties and rice yields in a typical cold waterlogged paddy field in Lin′an mountain area, Zhejiang Province. Conventional fertilization without amendments served as a control（CK）. Rice yields and soil fertility were generally improved with all amendment treatments as compared with CK. Rice yields were 7 728.25 kg·hm-2 in the rice straw treatment, while 6 685.84 kg·hm-2 in CK. Compared with CK, soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents in the biochar treatment increased 15.1%, 49.0% and 22.1%, respectively. Cumulative CH4 emissions were increased by 21.9% in the quicklime treatment, but decreased by 33.3% in the bamboo biochar treatment in comparison with CK. Such effects could be attributed to increased soil temperature and thus microbial activity by quicklime, and improved soil aeration and methane oxidation by bamboo biochar. However, nitrous oxide fluxes and cumulative emissions were quite low in all treatments, might due to low nitrification and denitrification from long-term anaerobic condition with cold water. These results could shed light on reclamation of cold waterlogged paddy fields with aim at high yield as well as reduced GHG emission.

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