罗非鱼养殖系统潜在有机物降解菌的筛选及其降解能力测定

胡晓娟; 曹煜成; 文国樑; 袁翠霖; 杨莺莺; 林小涛; 李卓佳

文章摘要

胡晓娟,曹煜成,文国樑,袁翠霖,杨莺莺,林小涛,李卓佳.罗非鱼养殖系统潜在有机物降解菌的筛选及其降解能力测定[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(6):1233-1239.

罗非鱼养殖系统潜在有机物降解菌的筛选及其降解能力测定

Isolation of Potential Organic Matter-degrading Bacteria and Their Degradation Ability in Tilapia Culture System

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.06.026

中文关键词: 有机物降解菌株罗非鱼养殖系统降解率碳源利用

英文关键词: organic-matter-degrading bacteria tilapia culture system degradation rate utilization of carbon source

基金项目:

作者	单位
胡晓娟	中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室，广州 510300
曹煜成	中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室，广州 510300
文国樑	中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室，广州 510300
袁翠霖	中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室，广州 510300；暨南大学水生生物研究所广东省高校水体富营养化与赤潮防治重点实验室，广州 510632
杨莺莺	中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室，广州 510300
林小涛	暨南大学水生生物研究所广东省高校水体富营养化与赤潮防治重点实验室，广州 510632
李卓佳	中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室，广州 510300

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中文摘要:

为筛选新的益生菌菌源，从罗非鱼养殖系统分离筛选6株有机物降解菌，研究其对罗非鱼饲料浸出液和饲料原液的降解能力以及菌株对碳源的利用能力。结果表明6株菌对饲料浸出液的有机物均有明显的降解作用，实验72 h后，菌株D51对饲料浸出液有机物的降解率最高，达53.49%，其次为菌株D11，降解率为48.83%。各菌株对饲料原液的有机物均具有明显降解作用，菌株D51、D11和D45的降解效果最好，实验15 d饲料原液的COD分别降低了52.46%、46.03%和46.03%，饲料干重分别减少了58.25%、53.08%和52.08%。各菌株对碳源的利用能力有所差异，菌株D45对31种碳源表现出很强的代谢活性，菌株D51和D11次之，菌株D52和D53对碳源的利用能力相对较低。经分子生物学鉴定，菌株D11属于芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus sp.），菌株D45、D51、D52和D53属于微小杆菌属（Exiguobacterium sp.）。鉴于菌株D11、D45和D51对有机物具有较强的降解能力，可将其作为降解养殖池塘有机物的备选菌株开展后续研究。

英文摘要:

Enhanced degradation of organic matter in aquaculture systems has drawn increasing interests. A study was performed to screen and identify organic-matter-degrading probiotic bacteria from tilapia culture system using 16S rDNA method. Their ability to degrade and utilize organic carbon in leachate and original solution of tilapia feed was also determined using COD and ECO microplate method, respectively. Six strains were found to significantly degrade organic matter in the leachates. After 72 h incubation, the degradation rates of organic matter were up to 53.49% for the strain D51, followed by the strain D11（48.83%）. The strains D51, D11 and D45 also had high abilities to degrade organic matter in the original feed solution. After 15 d incubation, they decreased COD values in the original feed solution by 52.46%, 46.03% and 46.03%, respectively. The strain D45 showed significantly stronger carbon utilization than the other strains did, with the strains D52 and D53 being the lowest. 16S rDNA identification showed that D11 was Bacillus sp. and the strain D45, D51, D52 and D53 were Exiguobacterium sp. These results suggest that the strains D11, D45 and D51 have great organic degradation potential and warrant more indepth studies.

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