| 侯 珍,陈 卓,沈肇怡,李婷婷,杨君君,卢晓霞.纳米氧化锌对土壤微生物酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(6):1153-1158. |
| 纳米氧化锌对土壤微生物酶活性的影响 |
| Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Enzyme Activities of Soil Microorganisms |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.06.015 |
| 中文关键词: 纳米氧化锌 土壤微生物 微杆菌 酶活性 氧化损伤 |
| 英文关键词: zinc oxide nanoparticles soil microorganisms Microbacterium sp. enzyme activities oxidative damage |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 纳米氧化锌（ZnO-NPs）是目前最常见的工程纳米颗粒之一，广泛应用于各类产品中，对生态环境有潜在影响。为了阐明ZnO-NPs对土壤微生物酶活性的影响，探讨其作用机制及剂量-效应关系，通过微宇宙实验，分别建立了纯菌（微杆菌）培养体系和土壤培养体系，对不同浓度ZnO-NPs暴露条件下微生物的荧光素二乙酸酯水解酶（FDAH）活性进行了测定，在纯菌培养体系中也测定了脱氢酶（DH）活性。结果显示，与不含ZnO-NPs的对照相比，培养液中ZnO-NPs浓度为1、5、10 mg·L-1时，对微杆菌的FDAH和DH活性均产生了显著抑制，抑制率分别为22.5%、61.2%、62.3%和27.8%、44.8%、44.8%。ZnO-NPs附着在微杆菌膜上，有些进入菌体内，对菌体造成了氧化损伤。土壤中ZnO-NPs浓度为5 mg·g-1和10 mg·g-1时，FDAH活性显著低于不含ZnO-NPs的对照土壤（P=0.007和P=0.008）。土壤中ZnO-NPs浓度为1 mg·g-1时，FDAH活性与对照无显著差异（P=0.149）。土壤中ZnO-NPs对FDAH活性的抑制与ZnO-NPs浓度有良好的正相关关系，但随着暴露时间的延长，ZnO-NPs对FDAH活性的抑制减弱。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles（ZnO-NPs） are among the most common engineered nanoparticles and widely used in various products, having potential impacts on ecological environment. The purposes of this study were to elaborate the influence of ZnO-NPs on soil microbial enzyme activities and to explore the action mechanism as well as the dose-response relationship. Via microcosm studies, pure bacteria（Microbacterium sp.） cultivation system and soil cultivation system were set up, and the microbial activities of Fluorescein Diacetate Hydrolase（FDAH） under the exposure of various concentrations of ZnO-NPs were measured. In the pure bacteria cultivation system, the Dehydrogenase（DH） activities were also measured. The results showed that, compared to the control medium without ZnO-NPs, ZnO-NPs in the liquid medium at concentrations of 1 mg·L-1, 5 mg·L-1 and 10 mg·L-1 significantly inhibited the activities of FDAH and DH of Microbacterium sp.with the inhibition rates being 22.5%, 61.2%, 62.3% and 27.8%, 44.8%, 44.8%, respectively. ZnO-NPs attached to the membranes of Microbacterium sp. and some entered the interior of the bacteria, causing oxidative damage. At ZnO-NPs concentrations of 5 mg·g-1 and 10 mg·g-1 soil, the activities of FDAH were significantly lower than that in the control（P=0.007 and P=0.008）. At ZnO-NPs concentration of 1 mg·g-1 soil, the activity of FDAH was not significantly different than that in the control（P=0.149）. The inhibition of FDAH activity was well positively correlated with the concentration of ZnO-NPs. Over the exposure time, the inhibition of ZnO-NPs on FDAH activity decreased. |
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