魏小岚,李纯厚,颉晓勇,陆琴燕,戴 明,廖秀丽,胡维安.对虾高位池循环水养殖水体浮游植物生态特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(2):392-403. |
对虾高位池循环水养殖水体浮游植物生态特征研究 |
Ecological Characteristics of Phytoplankton in Higher-place Shrimp Ponds with Circulation |
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DOI:10.11654/jaes.2014.02.026 |
中文关键词: 高位池 循环量 浮游植物 生态特征 |
英文关键词: higher place pond rates of recycling phytoplankton ecological characteristics |
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中文摘要: |
为了掌握对虾高位池循环水养殖过程中浮游植物的变动规律,有效管理水体环境质量,提高养殖效益,于2010年8月至11月,以凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannarnei)为实验对象,研究了循环水处理养殖系统的高位池养殖水体中浮游植物的群落结构及其动态变化,试验设计3种不同循环处理量组,即20 m3·h-1(P1组)、40 m3·h-1(P2组)和60 m3·h-1(P3组),探讨不同的循环水处理量和养殖模式对水体中浮游植物的生态特征影响。结果表明,从循环塘中共鉴出浮游植物99种,隶属于5门49属,对照4号塘共鉴定出浮游植物108种,隶属于8门54属,种类最多的为绿藻门,占总数的39.8%,其次为硅藻门,占总数的21.1%,再次为裸藻门,占总数的16.3%,最后为蓝藻门,占总数的15.4%。循环塘的浮游植物优势种以绿藻和硅藻为主,而对照4号塘的浮游植物以蓝藻为优势种。循环塘和对照4号塘中浮游植物的密度分别为208.34~998.8(×104 ind·L-1)、324.58~1343.26(×104 ind·L-1),其生物量分别为2.96~10.19 mg·L-1,3.59~18.86 mg·L-1。循环塘中浮游植物的密度和生物量低于对照4号塘,且存在极显著性差异(P<0.01)。循环塘浮游植物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在1.03~2.18之间波动,对照塘浮游植物多样性指数在1.01~1.56之间波动。 |
英文摘要: |
Phytoplankton dynamics is critical to water quality and shrimp yield in higher-place shrimp ponds. A study was carried out to examine the community structure and dynamics of phytoplankton in higher-place ponds of Litopenaeus vannarnei with water circulation system from August to November in 2010. The experiment included three different circulation treatments-20 m3·h-1(Pond one),40 m3·h-1(Pond two) and 60 m3·h-1(Pond three). Phytoplankton was found to mainly belong to 99 species, 49 gena, 5 phyla in the circulating ponds,and 108 species, 54 gena, 8 phyla in the contral pond. Most of the species were the Chlorophyta, followed by Bacillariophyta and Euglenophyta, and last Cyanophyta, accounting for 39.8%, 21.1%, 16.3%, 15.4% of the total, respectively. The dominant species were Chlorophyt and Bacillariophyta in recirculation ponds, but Cyanobacterial in the control pond. Density and biomass of phytoplankton were very significantly lower in the recirculation system(208.34~998.8 ×104 ind·L-1 and 2.96~10.19 mg·L-1) than in the control pond(324.58~1 343.26 ×104 ind·L-1 and 3.59~18.86 mg·L-1)(P<0.01). The Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes of phytoplankton were 1.03~2.18 and 1.01~1.56 for recirculating and control aquaculture pond, respectively. |
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