| 段雄伟,刘亚玲,黎华寿,贺鸿志,陈桂葵.高氯酸盐和铬复合污染对土壤酶活性及微生物数量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(2):322-331. |
| 高氯酸盐和铬复合污染对土壤酶活性及微生物数量的影响 |
| Effects of Combined Pollution of Perchlorate and Hexavalent Chromium on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Population |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.02.017 |
| 中文关键词: 高氯酸盐 六价铬 土壤酶 微生物数量 |
| 英文关键词: chromium perchlorate soil enzyme activity soil microbial population |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过室内模拟控制试验，研究了高氯酸盐和铬单一及复合污染在不同时间对农田土壤酶活性和微生物数量的影响。结果发现：在处理前期，随着高氯酸盐、铬及其复合污染浓度的增加，土壤多酚氧化酶活性显著增加；单一高氯酸盐处理对土壤过氧化氢酶活性无显著性影响，中、高浓度的六价铬单一处理及其复合处理显著降低了土壤过氧化氢酶活性；土壤脲酶活性与污染物浓度表现出明显的低促高抑的关系；单一高氯酸盐处理在第2 d显著促进了土壤蔗糖酶活性，单一铬、高氯酸盐与铬复合处理在第8 d对土壤蔗糖酶活性有显著的抑制效应；随着处理时间的延长，四种土壤酶活性逐渐恢复，到第30 d基本都趋于对照组水平。在整个试验过程中，高氯酸盐与铬的单一及其复合处理显著降低了土壤中真菌的数量。高浓度处理组在实验前期显著降低了土壤中放线菌和细菌的数量，但到第30 d时，其数量基本已恢复至对照水平。研究表明，高氯酸盐和铬污染在初期对土壤酶活性以及土壤微生物数量有显著的影响，随着土壤中耐性菌群的富集生长，土壤酶活性会逐渐恢复到正常，其中细菌和放线菌在这两种污染物的修复中起着主要作用 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Perchlorate and hexavalent chromium often enter soil via irrigation. A simulated control experiment was conducted to study the joint effects of perchlorate and hexavalent chromium on soil enzyme activities and microbial population over time. At the early stage of the experiment, polyphenol oxidase activity was found to increase significantly with increasing concentrations of perchlorate and/or chromium. Catalase activity was not affected by perchlorate alone, but significantly decreased by hexavalent chromium at medium or high concentrations and combined perchlorate and hexavalent chromium（P<0.05）. Urease activity was promoted at low but inhibited at high concentrations. Invertase activity was enhanced significantly by perchlorate during the first 2 days, but was reduced by perchlorate, hexavalent chromium or their combinations at the 8th day. However, the activities of four soil enzymes were all restored to the initial levels at the 30th day. During the experiment, soil fungi population reduced significantly in single and combined treatments of perchlorate and chromium. The population of bacteria and actinomycete decreased significantly under high concentrations at the early stage of the experiment, but were all back to the control levels at the 30th day. The bacteria were tolerant to perchlorate and chromium and became dominant species, causing enzyme activities return to the control levels. The results indicate that bacteria and actinomycete play a crucial role in bioremediation of these two pollutants. |
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