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| 聚天门冬氨酸尿素对水稻产量及田面水氮素变化的综合影响 |
| Effects of polyaspartic acid urea on rice yield and nitrogen concentrations in paddy field ponding water |
| Received:February 26, 2020 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2020.0072 |
| 中文关键词: 聚天门冬氨酸/盐（PASP），水稻产量，田面水氮素，灰色关联度法 |
| 英文关键词: polyaspartic acid salt (PASP), rice yield, nitrogen of the paddy field ponding water, Grey Relational Analysis |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0800506，2016YFD0800504）；中央引导地方科技发展专项（2019416031） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Na | Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China | | | XU Jia-yi | Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China | | | ZHANG Xin | Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China | | | SUI Shi-jiang | Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China | | | YE Xin | Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China | | | NIU Shi-wei | Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China | niushiwei@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究聚天门冬氨酸（PASP）尿素对水稻产量及田面水氮素变化的综合影响，以聚天门冬氨酸钙盐（PASP-Ca）与尿素复配为供试材料，通过水稻大田试验研究基于减量施氮下PASP-Ca尿素对水稻生长、氮吸收利用及田面水氮素浓度变化的影响，并利用灰色关联度法评价PASP-Ca尿素的控污效果。结果表明，与常规施氮量处理相比，减量施氮处理降低了水稻田面水氮素浓度，尤其在施基肥、蘖肥后第1 d，田面水总氮（TN）浓度降低了12.70%、17.23%。减量施氮后，水稻产量增加了0.78%、氮累积吸收量增加了0.39%，氮肥表观利用率提高了9.35个百分点，差异不显著。减量施氮处理满足了水稻生长的养分需求，节约了氮肥，保证了水稻稳产。与常规尿素处理相比，减量施氮下各PASP-Ca尿素处理降低了田面水氮素浓度，尤其施基肥1~7 d内，基、蘖肥和穗肥施氮比例50%、30%和20%处理的田面水铵态氮（NH4+-N）浓度降低了24.94%~68.66%，其中第5、7 d显著降低。施蘖肥1~7 d内，基、蘖肥施氮比例80%、20%处理的田面水NH4+-N浓度降低了2.72%~51.30%。施用PASP-Ca尿素有利于水稻生长、养分吸收及产量提高，使水稻产量增加了0.87%~7.27%，氮累积吸收量增加了7.05%~35.20%，氮肥表观利用率提高了6.11~30.26个百分点，其中基、蘖肥施氮比例80%、20%处理的籽粒氮吸收量显著增加了30.08%，秸秆氮吸收量显著增加了46.27%，氮肥表观利用率显著提高了30.26个百分点。综合评价水稻产量、氮吸收量、氮肥利用率以及田面水氮素浓度，减量施氮处理效果优于常规施氮量，减量施用PASP-Ca尿素处理效果优于常规尿素，且最佳基、蘖肥施氮比例为80%、20%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of polyaspartic acid salt(PASP)urea on rice yield and nitrogen(N)concentrations in the ponding water of paddy fields, a field experiment was conducted. We determined the effects of PASP-Ca urea on rice growth, N-uptake and utilization, and N concentrations in paddy field ponding water. In addition, Grey Relational Analysis was used to evaluate the effects of PASP-Ca urea on water pollution. The results showed that N concentrations in the ponding water were lower in the reduced-N treatment test than they were in the conventional-N treatment test. In particular, TN concentrations were 12.70% and 17.23% lower in the reduced-N treatment test than in the control on the first day after basal fertilization and topdressing. The reduction of N application was beneficial to rice growth, with a 0.78% higher yield, 0.39% higher cumulative N-uptake, and 9.35 percent points higher efficiency in N use(P>0.05). N concentrations in the field ponding water were lower with the PASP-Ca urea treatment than with the conventional urea treatment, with NH4+ -N concentration decreasing by 24.94%~68.66%(N fertilization ratio of basal:tillering:panicle=5:3:2)and 2.72%~51.30% (N fertilization ratio of basal:tillering=8:2)with the PASP-Ca urea treatment during one week after basal fertilization. The application of PASP-Ca urea was beneficial to rice growth, nutrient absorption, and yield promotion, with a 0.87%~7.27% higher yield, a 7.05%~35.20% higher accumulated N-uptake, and a 6.11~30.26 percent points higher N use-efficiency, compared to the control. In particular, the PASPCa urea treatment, with a N fertilization ratio of 8:2(basal:tillering), enhanced N uptake in grain(30.08%), N absorption in straw (46.27%)and N use-efficiency(30.26 percent points). Considering rice yield, the N absorption rate of paddy field ponding water, and its resulting N concentration, the reduced-N treatment was more effective than the conventional-N treatment, and the PASP-Ca urea treatment was better than the treatment using conventional urea. Moreover, the optimal N application ratio, of base fertilizer to tillering fertilizer, was 8:2, and the effects of field application needed to be further verified. |
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