黄淮海地区蔬菜废弃物污染风险及资源化潜力分析

徐子云; 李永强; 李洁; 王哲; 贾森

文章摘要

黄淮海地区蔬菜废弃物污染风险及资源化潜力分析

Pollution risk and resource potential of vegetable waste in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, China

Received:December 26, 2019

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2019.0638

中文关键词: 黄淮海地区，蔬菜废弃物，产废系数，风险评价，空间分布

英文关键词: Huang-Huai-Hai region, vegetable waste, waste production coefficient, risk assessment, spatial distribution

基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0800403，2018YFD0800404）；山东省青创团队项目

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
XU Zi-yun	National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
LI Yong-qiang	National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China	lyqlinda@163.com
LI Jie	Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China	lijie@caas.cn
WANG Zhe	National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
JIA Sen	National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China

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中文摘要:

对蔬菜废弃物进行资源化利用和养分回收是实现可持续和生态友好型农业的必要措施。为了确定黄淮海地区蔬菜废弃物的污染风险及资源利用潜力，通过文献整理和数据分析，以地级市为单位估算该地区蔬菜废弃物产量及总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、总钾（TK）养分污染负荷，利用ArcGIS表征TN、TP、TK污染强度及污染风险综合指数的空间分布情况，确定该区蔬菜废弃物面源污染治理重点区域，并结合化肥需求情况比较蔬菜废弃物资源化利用潜力。结果表明，2017年黄淮海地区蔬菜废弃物总量为1 618.08万t，其中TN、TP、TK污染负荷分别为41.80万、11.18万、53.79万t；各地市蔬菜废弃物污染强度平均为6.45 t·hm^-2·a^-1，TN、TP、TK污染强度分别为15.15、4.05、19.49 kg·hm^-2·a^-1。黄淮海地级市中，蔬菜废弃物污染负荷超过58万t·a^-1的地区集中在中部地区，包括徐州、潍坊、周口、南阳、商丘、唐山6市，污染负荷占黄淮海总负荷的26.44%，这些地区TN、TP、TK污染负荷超过1.60万、0.40万、1.90万t·a^-1。蔬菜废弃物污染强度超过10 t·hm^-2·a^-1，TN、TP、TK污染强度超过23.76、6.36、31.58 kg·hm^-2·a^-1的地区包括枣庄、开封、莱芜、唐山、泰安、安阳、济南、潍坊、阜阳、商丘。蔬菜废弃物资源化利用潜力较高地区包括潍坊、青岛、德州、聊城、临沂、泰安、济宁、菏泽、商丘、周口、南阳等市，占黄淮海地区的19.0%。研究结果为区域蔬菜废弃物总量控制、合理布局和综合利用提供决策依据。

英文摘要:

Resource utilization and nutrient recovery of vegetable waste are necessary measures to achieve sustainable and eco-friendly agriculture. In order to determine the pollution risk and utilization potential of vegetable waste in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, we estimated the nutrient contamination load(total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), and total potassium(TK))of vegetable waste in prefecture-level cities, through literature collation and data analysis. We used ArcGIS to characterize the spatial distribution of the comprehensive index for pollution intensity and pollution risk, of TN, TP, and TK, to identify the key areas of this region where should control nonpoint source pollution of vegetable waste. Furthermore, we examined the potential for utilization of vegetable waste resources by comparing the amount of vegetable waste with the demand for fertilizer. The results showed that in the Huang-Huai-Hai region in 2017, the total amount of vegetable waste was 16.18 million tons, with TN, TP, and TK contents of 0.42, 0.11, and 0.54 million tons, respectively;the average pollution intensity of vegetable waste was 6.45 t·hm^-2·a^-1, while the TN, TP, and TK pollution intensities were 15.15, 4.05, and 19.49 kg·hm^-2·a^-1, respectively. In the prefecture-level cities of Huang-Huai-Hai, the areas where the pollution load of vegetable waste exceeded 580 000 t·a^-1 were concentrated in the central region, and included Xuzhou, Weifang, Zhoukou, Nanyang, Shangqiu and Tangshan. The pollution load accounted for 26.44% of the total load. The pollution load of TN, TP, and TK in these areas exceeded 16 000, 4000 and 19 000 t·a^-1. The pollution intensity of vegetable waste exceeded 10 t·hm^-2·a^-1, and the cities where the pollution intensity of TN, TP, and TK exceeded 23.76, 6.36, and 31.58 kg·hm^-2·a^-1, respectively, included Zaozhuang, Kaifeng, Laiwu, Tangshan, Tai'an, Anyang, Jinan, Weifang, Fuyang and Shangqiu. The cities with a higher potential for utilization of vegetable waste include Weifang, Qingdao, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Linyi, Tai'an, Jining, Heze, Shangqiu, Zhoukou, and Nanyang, and account for 19.0% of the Huang-Huai-Hai region. These results can be used to inform decisions on the control, rational distribution, and comprehensive utilization of vegetable waste in the Huang-Huai-Hai region.

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