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| 十堰猕猴桃果园生草生态效应的分析 |
| Analysis of the ecological effects of grass-growing in kiwifruit orchards in Shiyan， China |
| Received:September 29, 2019 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2019.0486 |
| 中文关键词: 十堰，猕猴桃果园，人工生草，自然生草，黑麦草，白三叶，杂草 |
| 英文关键词: Shiyan, kiwifruit orchard, artificial grass, natural grass, ryegrass, white clover, weed |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务（CAAS-XTCX2016015）；河南省果树瓜类生物学重点实验室开放课题（HNS201705-1） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHU Xian-bo | Economic Crop Research Institute of Shiyan City, Shiyan 442714, China | | | PAN Liang | Economic Crop Research Institute of Shiyan City, Shiyan 442714, China | | | WANG Hua-ling | Economic Crop Research Institute of Shiyan City, Shiyan 442714, China | | | XIAO Li-li | Economic Crop Research Institute of Shiyan City, Shiyan 442714, China | | | ZHONG Yun-peng | Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450016, China | | | QI Xiu-juan | Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450016, China | | | WU Wei | Economic Crop Research Institute of Shiyan City, Shiyan 442714, China | wwsyhb@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究生草对十堰猕猴桃果园的生态效应，以长平塘村和高岭村的猕猴桃果园为研究对象，进行自然生草和人工生草，人工生草选择白三叶和黑麦草，比较分析人工生草和自然生草对土壤养分、杂草种类和数量以及果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明，相对自然生草，人工生草可以有效降低果园内的杂草种类和数量，提高土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量，降低碱性土壤的pH值，其中种植黑麦草效果更好；人工生草和自然生草在改善土壤温度、提高果树产量和改善果实品质方面无显著差异。在长平塘村和高岭村，相比自然生草和种植黑麦草，种植白三叶可以大幅降低猕猴桃果园内的杂草种类和数量；在高岭村，人工生草可以显著提高土壤的湿度（P<0.05）；随着种植时间的延长，相对自然生草和种植白三叶，种植黑麦草提高土壤中碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量的效果更为显著。研究表明，相比自然生草和种植白三叶，十堰市猕猴桃果园更适合种植黑麦草。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to examine the ecological effects of planting grass in kiwifruit orchards in Shiyan, Hubei Province, we selected two kiwifruit orchards located in Changpingtang and Gaoling villages as study sites. We assessed the effects of two grass planting methods, namely, artificial and natural grass planting, and selected white clover and ryegrass as artificial grass types. The effects of artificial and natural grass planting on soil nutrients, weed species and quantity, and fruit yield and quality were compared and analyzed. The results showed that compared with natural grass planting, artificial grass planting could effectively reduce the number and quantity of weed species, particularly in response to planting white clover. It also increased the contents of soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in the two kiwifruit orchards, and reduced the pH value of alkaline soil. Furthermore, of the two artificial grass types assessed, ryegrass was found to have a better effect on reducing soil pH than white clover. However, neither of the grass planting methods had a significant effect with respect to improving soil temperature, or fruit yield and quality, although artificial grass planting was found to significantly increase soil humidity in the Gaoling kiwifruit orchard(P<0.05). With an extension of planting time, planting ryegrass clearly increased the contents of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. The findings of this study revealed that compared with planting natural grass and white clover, planting ryegrass was more suitable for kiwifruit orchards in Shiyan, Hubei Province. |
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