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| 水氮处理对复播油葵产量和水氮利用效率的影响 |
| Effects of Watering and Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield and Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Cropping Oil Sunflower |
| Received:January 30, 2015 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2015.0032 |
| 中文关键词: 油葵;灌水;氮;产量;水氮利用效率 |
| 英文关键词: oil seed sunflower;watering;nitrogen;yield;water and nitrogen use efficiency |
| 基金项目:国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD42B03) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | TAN Jian-xin | Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China | | | JING Feng | Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China | | | LIU Jian-guo | Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China | l-jianguo@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明不同水氮处理对复播油葵生长、产量及水氮利用效率的影响,采用裂区设计,设置不同灌水处理:低水处理(2 250 m3·hm-2)、中水处理(3 750 m3·hm-2)、高水处理(5 250 m3·hm-2)和不同施氮处理:不施氮处理(0 kg·hm-2)、低氮处理(120 kg·hm-2)、中氮处理(240 kg·hm-2)、高氮处理(360 kg·hm-2)进行大田小麦复播油葵试验。结果表明:复播油葵氮素吸收量、氮肥利用效率随灌水量的增加而增加;施氮量在0~240 kg·hm-2时,复播油葵的产量随着施氮量的增加而增加,施氮量超过240 kg·hm-2时增加不显著;随灌水量的增加,复播油葵耗水量增加,水分利用效率先增加后降低,且均在施氮240 kg·hm-2和360 kg·hm-2处理间无显著差异。本试验条件下,生育期内灌水5 250 m3·hm-2(高水)、施氮360 kg·hm-2(高氮)时,复播油葵的产量为3 598 kg·hm-2,生育期内中水3 750 m3·hm-2、中氮240 kg·hm-2时,复播油葵的单盘粒重、千粒重和产量表现一致,产量为3 518 kg·hm-2,综合考虑各因素,中水中氮的处理为产量和效益兼优的最佳组合。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The field experiment with split-plot design was conducted to study the effects of the interaction of water and nitrogen fertilization on the growth and yield of oil sunflower, water and nitrogen use efficiency of cropping oil sunflower. This experiment set three irrigation rate treatments, including high irrigation treatment (5 250 m3·hm-2), middle irrigation treatment (3 750 m3·hm-2), low irrigation treatment (2 250 m3·hm-2), and four nitrogen application rate treatments, covering no nitrogen fertilization treatment (0 kg·hm-2), low nitrogen application treatment (120 kg·hm-2), middle nitrogen application treatment (240 kg·hm-2) and high nitrogen application treatment (360 kg·hm-2). The results showed that the nitrogen absorption and nitrogen use efficiency of cropping oil sunflower increased as the irrigation rate increased. With the nitrogen application rate increased, the yield of cropping oil sunflower was increased when the nitrogen application rate was 0~240 kg·hm-2, but beyond the 240 kg·hm-2, there was no significant increase. With the irrigation rate increased, the water consumption amount of cropping oil sunflower increased all the time, but the water use efficiency increased first, and hen decreased. Besides there was no significant difference between 240 kg·hm-2 and 360 kg·hm-2 treatment. Under our experiment condition, during the cropping oil sunflower growth period, when the irrigation rate was 5 250 m3·hm-2 (high irrigation rate) and the nitrogen ertilization was 360 m3·hm-2 (high nitrogen application rate), the yield of cropping oil sunflower was 3 598 kg·hm-2. When the irrigation rate was 3 750 m3·hm-2 (middle irrigation rate) and the nitrogen fertilization was 240 m3·hm-2 (middle nitrogen application rate), the yield was 3 518 kg·hm-2, with the yield components similar with the high irrigation rate and high nitrogen application rate treatment. Considering various factors, middle irrigation rate and middle nitrogen fertilization treatment could be the optimal combination for the high yield and high efficiency. |
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