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单株定量施肥对夏玉米产量及养分吸收利用的影响 |
Effect of quantitative fertilization by single plant on yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of summer maize |
投稿时间:2019-11-21 修订日期:2019-12-30 |
DOI: |
中文关键词: 单株定量施肥 粒片状肥料 夏玉米 产量 养分吸收利用 |
英文关键词: quantitative fertilization per plant flaky fertilizer summer maize yield nutrient absorption and utilization |
基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0200606);国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD23B02)Project supported: The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0200606); Project supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2015BAD23B02). |
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中文摘要: |
【目的】为探求夏玉米简化高效施肥技术,【方法】采用田间试验,研究了单株定量不同施肥位置及施肥量与常规施肥对夏玉米产量、养分积累及肥料利用效率的影响。【结果】结果表明,两地产量均以两侧定量施肥7.0 g最高,较两侧定量施肥5.8 g显著平均增产8.4%,较株间定量施肥7.0 g平均增产6.0%,较常规施肥平均增产3.8%;两侧定量施肥7.0 g磷素积累量较常规施肥滑县和鹤壁分别显著提高15.3%和21.8%,同时保持夏玉米各生育时期较高叶片SPAD值和成熟期高生物量;鹤壁两侧定量施肥7.0 g较常规施肥氮肥利用率显著提高8.3个百分点。【结论】夏玉米苗期在两株玉米中间两边间隔15 cm左右各施一粒7.0 g粒片状肥料实现了高产、高效和简化施肥的目标。 |
英文摘要: |
In order to explore the simplified and efficient fertilization technology of summer maize, a field experiment was performed to study the effects of different positions and rates of fertilizers and conventional fertilization on the yield, nutrient accumulation and fertilizer utilization efficiency of summer maize. The results showed that summer maize yield under both sides of quantitative fertilization treatment at 7.0 g was the highest, which was significantly and averagely increased by 8.4% compared with treatment at 5.8 g, 6.0% compared with inter-plant treatment at 7.0g, and 3.8% compared with conventional fertilization. Meanwhile, The phosphorus accumulation under the above treatment have been significantly improved by 15.3% and 21.8% compared with conventional fertilization in Huaxian and Hebi, respectively, along with maintaining higher leaf SPAD at each growth period of summer maize. The quantitative fertilization of 7.0 g on both sides significantly increased the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer by 8.3 percentage points compared with the conventional fertilizer. In conclusion, Two pieces of 7.0 g flaky fertilizer were applied at a distance of about 15 cm between the two sides of the two plants at the seedling stage of summer maize could achieve the goals of high yield, high efficiency and simplified fertilization. |
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