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| 农村宅基地复垦耕地适宜性评价——以天津市西青区为例 |
| Suitability Evaluation of Reclaimed Cultivated Lands in Rural Homestead:A Case Study of Xiqing District, Tianjin City, China |
| 投稿时间：2017-07-07 修订日期：2017-09-07 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2017.0184 |
| 中文关键词: 复垦，宅基地，耕地适宜性，特尔菲法，层次分析法，模糊数学法 |
| 英文关键词: reclaimation, homestead, cultivation suitability, Delphi method, analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy mathematics method |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 农村宅基地复垦为耕地的潜力大，是补充被占用耕地的重要途径之一，复垦要兼顾质量和效率，耕地适宜性评价有利于更加有效、有针对性地对宅基地进行复垦，同时对评价复垦的宅基地的质量有一定的指导意义。以天津市西青区农村宅基地土壤、复垦后宅基地土壤和普通耕地土壤为研究对象，选取11种评价因子，通过野外调研采样、室内土壤理化性质分析获取实验数据，利用特尔菲法、层次分析法、模糊数学法等建立耕地适宜性评价模型，利用复垦后宅基地土壤与耕地土壤的数据验证耕地适宜性评价模型可靠性，然后对天津未复垦宅基地土壤的耕地适宜性进行评价，得到宅基地土壤的耕地适宜性评价等级为4.41级，对应八九等地。宅基地土壤与耕地土壤相比在有机质、总氮、有效磷、有效钾含量较低，复垦时应适量地增加富含氮、磷、钾、有机质等肥料或者化肥的施用，土壤容重和粒径差距较大，复垦时应着重采取相应措施，同时应注重重金属污染的风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The rural homestead reclaimation is the potential of arable land, which is one of the important ways to supplement the occupied land. The reclaimation should give consideration to both quality and efficiency, and the appropriateness of cultivated land is conducive to more effective and targeted reclaimation of homestead. At the same time, it is of some guiding significance to evaluate the quality of the homestead. Based on the soil of rural homestead in Xiqing district, Tianjin, the soils of the homestead and ordinary cultivated lands were studied,eleven evaluation factors were selected through field survey sampling and indoor soil physical and chemical properties analysis to obtain experimental data, then the appropriateness evaluation model of cultivated land was established by means of the Delphi method, analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematics method. And then the data of soil and arable land in reclaimed land were used to verify the reliability of arable land suitability evaluation model. Finally, the farmland suitability of the soil of Tianjin homestead was evaluated. The suitability of homestead soil was 4.41, which in level 8 or 9 of national standards. Compared with cultivated soil, the organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents of the homestead soil were low. The use of fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphate and organic matter should be increased in appropriate amount during reclamation. Soil bulk density and particle size were poor, so the corresponding measures should be taken when reclamation, at the same time the risk of heavy metals pollution should be emphasized. |
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