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| 中国生物质资源转化利用政策演进及发展路径优化 |
| Policy evolution and development path optimization of biomass resources conversion and utilization in China |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-24 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0189 |
| 中文关键词: 生物质资源，转化利用，政策，挑战，发展路径 |
| 英文关键词: biomass resource, conversion and utilization, policy, challenge, development path |
| 基金项目:枣庄市自主创新及成果转化计划项目（2021GH21）；云南省科技计划项目（202004AC100001-C05） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 生物质资源是零碳、清洁、稳定、广泛、丰富的可再生资源，推动生物质资源高效高质转化利用不仅是实现经济社会绿色转型的重要途径，也是落实绿色低碳循环发展的关键环节。我国先后出台了形式多样的相关政策并取得了一定成果，但与生物质产业发达国家相比仍存在一定差距。本文系统梳理了我国生物质资源转化利用政策演进过程，讨论了当前生物质资源转化利用面临的法律约束力和时效性不足、管理体系分配与合作关系不明确、经济机制不完善、模式路径不通畅以及技术发展瓶颈等主要挑战，从人与自然和谐共生和生物质资源高效高质转化利用需求的角度，从近期和远期分别优化了我国生物质资源转化利用的发展路径，其中，近期应重点补充基本法并修订现有法律、构建部门共建共商机制、统一统筹国家标准、建立多元化的财政金融支持机制和空间适宜性评价体系等，远期应重点建立健全法律矩阵、构建信息智库和监管机制、优化完善标准框架、完善市场化运行机制和培育技术成果等。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a renewable resource, biomass acts as a zero carbon, clean, stable, widespread, and abundant source of energy. Promoting efficient and high-quality biomass resource conversion and utilization is a critical step in achieving green reform of the economy and society, and is a crucial link in implementing green and low-carbon cycle development. China has successively issued various relevant policies, achieving some positive results. However, China still lags behind developed countries in the biomass industry. Here, the policy evolution of biomass resource conversion and utilization in China were systematically reviewed, and the main challenges facing the sector are highlighted. These include insufficient legal binding force and timeliness, unclear management system allocation and cooperation relationships, imperfect economic mechanisms, unsmooth modes and paths, and technological bottlenecks. From the perspective of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature and the need for efficient and high-quality biomass resource conversion and utilization, here, short- and long-term development path optimization of biomass resource conversion and utilization in China are proposed. In the short-term, emphasis should be placed on supplementing the basic law and revising existing laws, establishing a mechanism for joint construction and consultation among departments, unifying national standards, setting up a diversified financial support mechanism, and establishing a spatial suitability evaluation system. In the long-term, emphasis should be placed on establishing and improving a legal matrix, building an information think tank and regulatory mechanism, optimizing and improving the standard framework, improving the market-oriented operation mechanisms, and cultivating technological achievements. |
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