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| AMF对玉米生长、根系低分子有机酸分泌与Cd累积的影响 |
| Effects of AMF on growth, low-molecular-weight organic acids secreted by roots, and Cd uptake in maize |
| 投稿时间：2022-09-20 修订日期：2022-11-30 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2022.0658 |
| 中文关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌，玉米，根袋法，根系分泌物，Cd形态 |
| 英文关键词: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, maize, root-bag experiment, root exudates, cadmium form |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42177381，42267002）；云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才培养项目（202005AC160038）；云南省吴龙华专家工作站（202305AF150042） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨铅锌矿区丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi，AMF）的生态功能，采用云南会泽铅锌矿区周边镉（Cd）污染的农田土壤，开展根袋盆栽试验，研究接种AMF对玉米生长、矿质营养、根系低分子有机酸分泌和Cd累积的影响。结果表明：接种AMF促进玉米生长，显著提高光合速率、株高和生物量；增加植株对氮、磷、钾的吸收，增幅达14.2~19.1倍；并促进根系分泌酒石酸、苹果酸、草酸和琥珀酸，分泌量增幅为1.1~3.8倍。此外，接种AMF使玉米根际铁锰氧化态Cd含量显著增加22.5%，有机结合态Cd含量显著降低12.8%，但交换态和有效态Cd含量无显著变化。接种AMF使玉米地上部和根系Cd含量显著降低，降幅分别为32.7%和77.9%，但地上部和根系Cd累积量显著增加，分别增加了12.5倍和25.8%。相关性分析发现，玉米地上部Cd累积量与草酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸分泌量和铁锰氧化态Cd含量呈极显著正相关。可见，AMF能促进玉米养分吸收，调节根系低分子有机酸分泌与根际Cd形态，降低植株Cd含量，从而促进植株生长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The ecological functions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF）were explored by investigating its effects on maize growth, mineral nutrition, low-molecular-weight organic acid secretion, and Cd uptake via a root-bag experiment in soil polluted with Cd in the Huize lead-zinc mining area of Yunnan Province. The results showed that AMF promoted maize growth and significantly increased photosynthetic rate, plant height, and biomass. The absorption of N, P, and K increased by 14.2–19.1-fold, and tartaric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, and succinic acid secretion by roots increased by 1.1–3.8-fold. In addition, AMF resulted in a significant increase of 22.5% in iron- and manganese-oxidized Cd content and a significant decrease of 12.8% in organic-bound Cd content in the maize rhizosphere, but no significant change in exchangeable and available Cd content was observed. AMF significantly reduced maize shoot and root Cd content by 32.7% and 77.9%, respectively, but significantly increased Cd accumulation in maize shoot and root by 12.5-fold and 25.8%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that shoot Cd accumulation presented extremely significant positive correlations with oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, and succinic acid secretion, and iron- and manganese-oxidized Cd content. Thus, these results showed that AMF can promote the absorption of nutrients in maize, regulate the secretion of low-molecular-weight organic acid and Cd form in the rhizosphere, and reduce maize Cd content, thereby promoting plant growth. |
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