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| 硫素对小花南芥同化关键酶活性与铅富集的影响 |
| Effects of sulfur on activities of key sulfur-assimilating enzymes and lead enrichment in Arabis alpina L. var. parviflora Franch |
| 投稿时间：2022-09-09 修订日期：2022-11-07 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2022.0656 |
| 中文关键词: 铅，硫素，小花南芥，硫同化，酶活性 |
| 英文关键词: lead, sulfur, Arabis alpina L.var. parviflora Franch, sulfur assimilation, enzyme activity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41967049，41761073，41867055）；云南省创新创业项目（2021XNKX025） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为从生理学角度研究硫元素施加对小花南芥（Arabis alpina L.var.parviflora Franch）硫同化关键酶活性及富集铅的影响，设置铅（Pb2+ 1 000 mg·kg-1）胁迫下施用不同浓度（0、25、50、100、200、400 mg·kg-1）硫处理的盆栽试验，测定植株体内铅、硫和硫合成物质含量以及硫同化关键酶活性，分析施硫条件下小花南芥生长、硫同化关键酶活性、铅含量的变化规律以及硫同化关键酶对小花南芥累积铅的影响。结果表明：与对照相比，硫处理浓度为400 mg·kg-1时小花南芥地上部和地下部生物量分别显著增加125.80%和71.50%，在硫处理浓度为50 mg·kg-1时，地上部生物量差异不显著，但总根投影面积、总根表面积和总根体积显著增加了1.2、1.4倍和4.5倍，小花南芥地上部硫酸化酶（ATPS）、γ谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶（γ-ECS）、半胱氨酸合成酶（OAS-TL）、亚硫酸盐还原酶（SUR）活性分别增加了21.66%、29.80%、15.08%、48.95%，地下部和地上部的半胱氨酸含量分别增加了18.10%、11.93%；硫处理浓度为100 mg·kg-1时，小花南芥地上部乙酰丝氨酸水解酶（OASS）、螯合肽合成酶（PCSase）、腺苷酰硫酸还原酶（APSR）活性分别显著增加了24.27%、19.29%、36.71%，地上部的半胱氨酸含量增加了7.96%；在硫处理浓度为50、100 mg·kg-1时铅的富集系数大于1。小花南芥地上部铅含量与地上部OAS-TL、γ-ECS和SUR存在显著正相关性；小花南芥地下部铅含量与地下部γ-ECS和APSR存在显著正相关性，与地下部OAS-TL、半胱氨酸（Cys）和PCSase存在显著负相关性。研究表明，适当施硫（50~100 mg·kg-1）可以促进小花南芥的生长，改变根系形态，提高硫同化关键酶活性和含硫化合物的含量，增强小花南芥对铅的富集和耐受能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The effects of sulfur nutrients on the activities of key enzymes involved in sulfur assimilation and lead enrichment in Arabis alpina L. var. parviflora Franch were studied from a physiological perspective. Pot experiments with different concentrations of sulfur（0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg·kg-1）under lead（Pb2+ 1 000 mg·kg-1）stress were conducted to determine the contents of lead, sulfur, and sulfur synthetic substances in plants, as well as the activity of key enzymes involved in sulfur assimilation. The effects of sulfur application on the growth of A. alpina var. parviflora, the activities of key sulfur-assimilating enzymes, and the content and accumulation of lead in A. alpina var. parviflora were analyzed. Compared with those in the control, the aboveground and underground biomasses of A. alpina var. parviflora, with the 400 mg ·kg-1 sulfur treatment, were significantly increased by 125.80% and 71.50%, respectively. There was no significant difference in aboveground and underground biomass at a sulfur concentration of 50 mg·kg-1, but the total root projected area, total root surface area, and total root volume increased significantly by 1.2, 1.4 times and 4.5 times, respectively. When the concentration of sulfur was 50 mg·kg-1, the activities of ATP sulfurylase（ATPS）, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase（γ-ECS）, OAS-TL, and sulfite reductase（SUR） in the aboveground parts of A. alpina var. parviflora were increased by 21.66%, 29.80%, 15.08%, and 48.95%, respectively. Cysteine（Cys） content in underground and aboveground parts increased by 18.10% and 11.93%, respectively. When the concentration of sulfur was 100 mg·kg-1, the activities of O-acetylserine（OASS）, phytochelatin synthase（PCSase）, and adenosine-5' -phosphosulfate reductase（APSR） in the aboveground part of A. alpina var. parviflora were significantly increased by 24.27%, 19.29%, and 36.71%, respectively; and the Cys content in the underground part increased by 7.96%. When the sulfur concentration was 50 mg ·kg-1 and 100 mg ·kg-1, the enrichment coefficient of lead was greater than 1. There was also a significant positive correlation between lead content in A. alpina var. parviflora and OAS-TL, SUR, and γ-ECS. Further, there was a significant positive correlation between lead content in the underground part of A. alpina var. parviflora and γ-ECS and APSR, and a significant negative correlation between lead content in the underground part of A. alpina var. parviflora and OAS-TL, Cys, and PCSase. This study revealed that proper sulfur application（50~100 mg·kg-1）could promote the growth of A. alpina var. parviflora, change the root morphology, and increase the activity of key sulfur-assimilating enzymes and the content of sulfur compounds, thus promoting the enrichment of and tolerance to lead in Arabidopsis florescens. |
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