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| 不同间作方式对玉米/大豆的光合性能、产量和土壤微生态特征的影响 |
| Effects of different intercropping methods on photosynthetic performance, yield, and soil microecological characteristics of maize and soybean |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-16 修订日期：2023-01-05 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2022.0819 |
| 中文关键词: 间作，根际土壤，叶绿素，土地当量比，经济效益 |
| 英文关键词: intercropping, rhizosphere soil, chlorophyll, land equivalent ratio, economic benefit |
| 基金项目:江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（JATS〔2021〕126, JATS〔2022〕131）；江苏省高校自然科学研究基金（21KJA210001） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 雷雲翔 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009
江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 陆思豪 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 应晓成 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009
江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 沈新平 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009
江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | | | 蒋敏 | 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室, 扬州大学农学院, 江苏 扬州 225009
江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 扬州大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 | jiangmin@yzu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究不同间作方式对玉米和大豆两种作物土壤微生态、光合作用、产量和经济效益等方面的影响，本研究以大豆（绿领九号）和玉米（董浜黄金小玉米）为试验材料，设置玉米单作、大豆单作、玉米-大豆2∶2间作和玉米-大豆2∶4间作4个处理，每个处理 3个重复，采用完全随机区组设计，研究两种农作物在不同处理下土壤养分、叶绿素含量和土地当量比（LER）等指标的变化。结果表明，与单作相比，不同间作处理下玉米、大豆植株的根际土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性提高，其中2∶2间作下玉米过氧化氢酶活性显著提升36.96%，2∶2间作下大豆脲酶活性显著提升44.24%。就玉米而言，2∶2和2∶4间作下的土壤水分利用效率分别提高21.9、30.6个百分点。玉米、大豆不同时期叶绿素活性均提高，两种作物群体产量和经济效益也明显提升，其中2∶2间作下LER为1.40±0.21，2∶4间作下 LER为 1.44±0.14。研究表明，玉米和大豆间作可活化土壤养分库，提高土壤酶活性，增加作物的叶绿素含量，提升系统的光合作用能力，从而提高间作系统产出和经济效益。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To study the effects of different intercropping methods on soil microecology, photosynthesis, yield, and the economic benefits of maize and soybean crops. Soybean（Green Collar No.9）and corn（Dongbang golden small corn）were used as the experimental plants. Four treatments, each with three replicates, were set up：maize monocropping, soybean monocropping, corn-soybean 2∶2 intercropping, and cornsoybean 2∶4 intercropping. The variations in soil nutrients, chlorophyll content, and land equivalent ratio（LER）of the two crops under different treatments were investigated using a completely random block design. The findings demonstrated that different intercropping treatments increased the rhizosphere soil nutrients and soil enzyme content of maize and soybean plants in comparison to monocropping, with the content of catalase in maize significantly increasing by 36.96% under 2∶2 intercropping and the content of urease in soybean increasing by 44.24% under 2∶2 intercropping. For maize, soil water use efficiency under 2∶2 and 2∶4 intercropping increased by 21.9 and 30.6 percent points, respectively. The chlorophyll content of corn and soybean increased at different stages. The yield and financial gains of the two crop groups were significantly increased; the LER under 2∶2 intercropping and 2∶4 intercropping were 1.40±0.21 and 1.44±0.14, respectively. This study has shown that maize-soybean intercropping can activate the soil nutrient pool, improve soil enzyme activity, increase the chlorophyll content of crops, and improve the photosynthesis capacity of the system, thereby improving the output and economic benefits of the intercropping system. |
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