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| 中国土壤质地分类系统的发展与建议修订方案 |
| Development and revision of the Chinese soil texture classification system |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-01 修订日期：2023-03-01 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2022.0854 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤质地，土壤质地分类三角图，三元相图，中国土壤质地分类系统，正三角/直角三角坐标图 |
| 英文关键词: soil texture, soil texture triangles, ternary plot/triangle plot, Chinese system of soil texture classification, plane equilateral/ right/ rectangular triangle coordinate diagram |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42177291） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 何海龙 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 齐雁冰 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 吕家珑 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | ljlll@nwsuaf.edu.cn | | 彭佩佩 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 晏梓然 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 唐子茜 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 崔珂 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | | | 张恺玥 | 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 土壤质地一定程度上决定土体中水、气、热、盐/溶质的传输特征及其机械力学性能，是进行工农业生产活动、建立土壤转换函数及开展土壤水热数值模拟研究所必需的关键参数。因此，土壤质地分类是土壤学、农学、环境科学及工程等多门学科的研究基础。迄今为止，世界各国制定了数十种土壤质地分类系统，并建立了对应的三角图/三元相图用于土壤质地查询或制图。经过历代土壤工作者的不懈努力，中国土壤质地分类在不断吸收美国制、卡庆斯基制和国际制经验的基础上，结合我国实际制定了1986版的质地分类系统，但该分类系统仍存在分类标准不清晰及无法制作土壤质地三角图的局限。本研究基于现行的1986版土壤质地分类系统提出了一种改进的修订方案供讨论，目的是明确各个质地类型的界限，并首次创建方便使用的土壤质地平面正三角和直角三角坐标图，同时编写了基于Origin的查询/制图工具包。鉴于我国土壤学界普遍使用国际制、美国制或混用的现状，国内迫切需要在各个行业中大力推广和应用中国土壤质地分类制，这既可以统一标准，也是我国土壤科学发展水平的重要体现。此外，为了便于国际交流，未来还应重点研究中国制和其他分类系统之间的定量转换关系并开发相关自动转换程序。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Soil texture largely affects the transport of water, heat, air, and solutes in soil, as well as the soil ' s mechanical properties. It is a key parameter required by industrial and agricultural sectors, as well as by the development of pedotransfer functions and related numerical simulation studies. Therefore, soil texture classification serves as the basis for multiple disciplines including soil science, agriculture, and environmental science and engineering. Numerous soil texture classification systems along with corresponding soil texture triangles have been established by many countries. Great efforts have also been devoted to develop the Chinese soil texture classification system, which considers Chinese soil characteristics while learning from the systems developed by the International Union of Soil Science（IUSS）, United States Department of Agriculture（USDA）, and Soviet Union. However, the Chinese soil texture classification system is still limited by undefined classification standards and lack of soil texture triangles. A revised version of the soil texture classification system presented in 1986 has been proposed to define the boundaries of the various texture classes and to create a ternary plot/triangle for ease of soil texture enquiry. An associated software tool based on the Origin program has been developed to automate soil texture class enquiry and the associated output of classification results. To standardize the use of soil classification in China and to reflect the development level of soil science in China, the revised Chinese soil texture classification system is encouraged to be widely adopted and applied in all disciplines and sectors given that soil classification systems from the IUSS and/or USDA were predominant. In addition, it is recommended that the quantitative conversion functions between different soil texture classification systems and associated calculator are developed in order to facilitate international communication. |
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