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| 丹江口水源涵养区绿色高效农业技术农户意愿选择性研究 |
| Study on farmers' willingness to adopt green and efficient agro-technology in Danjiangkou water conservation area |
| 投稿时间：2022-03-15 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2022.0126 |
| 中文关键词: 绿色高效农业技术，Logit，农户意愿，丹江口，水源涵养区 |
| 英文关键词: green and efficient agro-technology, Logit, farmer's willing, Danjiangkou, water conservation area |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务（CAAS-XTCX2016015） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为提高丹江口水源涵养区示范的13项绿色高效农业技术推广适应性和广度，提升区域农业绿色发展质量和能力，采取问卷调查和二元回归分析方法，分析农户的技术供给和获取途径及其对技术的采纳意愿。结果表明，技术1 （良种及其繁育、栽培）、技术2（肥料及其施用）和技术3（植物病虫害和其他有害生物防治）供需契合度分别为60%以上、50%~60%和50%~55%，其他类技术供需契合度较低。技术推广需加强技术指导和培训，其中技术1的2项技术（秋葵种植、苎麻种植）推广宜选择区域生态环境良好、交通便利且文化程度高的农户；技术2的养殖废弃物技术可选择文化程度较低的小农户或种植年限较短的专业大户进行推广；技术3中6项技术（茶园生草增产提质、魔芋病害防控、魔芋软腐病防治、设施蔬菜水肥药一体化、设施蔬菜绿色防控、土壤消毒防治根结线虫）宜选择种植规模较大的农户或男劳动力为主及生态环境良好区域的专业大户进行推广；技术5（农业投入品安全使用、农产品质量安全）中的低氮磷排放环保饲料技术应针对专业养殖大户推广；技术6 （农田水利、农村供排水、土壤改良与水土保持）的低产田改土培肥技术宜选择生态环境较好区域的专业大户进行推广；技术8 （农业防灾减灾、农业资源与农业生态安全和农村能源开发利用）的2项技术（生物多样性利用与生态强化技术、桑-草-鸡种养技术）宜选择家庭收入较高且生态环境良好区域的专业大户进行推广。研究表明，13项绿色高效农业技术的推广应结合农户对技术需求采纳意愿、供需契合度、技术属性等，分别制定相应的推广途径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To extend the adaptability and scope of 13 green and efficient agricultural technologies demonstrated in Danjiangkou water conservation area and improve the quality of and potential for regional agricultural green development, a questionnaire survey and a binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze farmers' actions regarding technological supply and acquisition and their willingness to adopt technologies. The supply-demand fitness of technology 1 (picked seeds and their breeding and cultivation), technology 2 (fertilizers and their application), and technology 3 (plant pest and other pest control) is more than 60%, 50%-60%, and 50%-55%, respectively, and the other types of technologies have a low score of supply-demand fitness. Technical guidance and training must be improved for technological promotion. For the promotion of two technologies (okra planting and feed ramie planting) belonging to technology 1, it is better to select farmers with a high educational level and living in favorable ecological environments and convenient transportation areas. For the promotion of breeding waste absorption technology belonging to technology 2, household farmers with a low educational level or professional farmers with short planting years should be selected. For the extension of 6 technologies (including grass production in tea gardens, konjac disease prevention and control, konjac soft rot prevention and control, integration technology for water, fertilizer and pesticides for vegetables in facility sheds, green prevention and control of vegetables in facility sheds, and soil disinfection and control of root knot nematodes) belonging to technology 3, it is suitable to select household farmers with large-scale plants or professional farmers in the male labor force and living in a favorable ecological region. The feed with low nitrogen and phosphorus emissions belonging to technology 5 (safe use of agricultural inputs and quality and agricultural product safety) should be promoted for large-scale professional breeding households. The technology of soil improvement and fertilization in low-yield fields belonging to technology 6 (farmland irrigation, rural water supply and drainage, soil improvement, and soil and water conservation) should be promoted for professional farmers living in favarable ecological environments. The extension of 2 technologies (biodiversity utilization and ecological enhancement and mulberrygrass-chicken planting and breeding) belonging to technology 8 (agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, agricultural resources and agricultural ecological security, and rural energy development and utilization) should select professional farmers with high income and living in favorable ecological environments areas. According to the characteristics of 13 different technologies, the access of promotion should be formulated based on farmers' willingness to adopt technological demand, supply-demand fitness, and technology attributes. |
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