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| 基于等标污染负荷强度的海南省农村面源污染特征研究 |
| Characteristics of agricultural non-point source pollution in Hainan rural area based on equal standard pollution load intensity |
| 投稿时间：2021-10-13 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0697 |
| 中文关键词: 农村面源污染，清单分析法，等标污染负荷强度，海南省，种植，畜禽养殖，水产养殖，农村生活污水 |
| 英文关键词: agricultural non-point source pollution, inventory analysis, equal standard pollution load intensity, Hainan Province, crop farming, livestock and poultry breeding, aquaculture, rural domestic sewage |
| 基金项目:公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（PM-zx097-202104-121） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为全面掌握海南省农村面源污染状况，探讨农村面源污染强度及特征，本研究采用清单分析法，基于等标污染负荷强度核算和评价了2017年海南省18个市（县）种植、畜禽养殖、水产养殖、农村生活污水的化学需氧量（COD）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）排放量及排放强度，利用ArcGIS软件进行聚类分析，划分污染负荷强度分区和污染控制分区。结果表明，COD、TN、TP排放量最大值均出现在文昌，最小值均出现在五指山。海南省农村面源COD、TN、TP的排放强度比全国排放强度分别高1.03、3.74、3.59倍。各污染类型等标污染负荷强度表现为种植>农村生活污水>水产养殖>畜禽养殖，文昌为水产养殖污染型，临高为水产养殖和种植污染型，儋州、琼海、东方、定安、屯昌、澄迈、昌江、白沙、保亭、五指山、琼中为种植污染型，海口、三亚、万宁、乐东、陵水为种植和农村生活污水污染型。通过聚类分析发现，文昌、海口、临高、万宁为高度负荷区，儋州、琼海、东方、定安、屯昌、澄迈、昌江、白沙、三亚、乐东、陵水、保亭为中度负荷区，五指山、琼中为低度负荷区。研究表明，2017年海南省农村面源污染防治形势严峻，种植是海南省农村面源污染物的首要来源。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To comprehensively understand the current situation of agricultural non-point source（ANPS）pollution in the Hainan rural area, the intensity and characteristics of ANPS pollution were evaluated. Using an inventory analysis and equal standard pollution load intensity, this study calculated and analyzed the chemical oxygen demand（COD）, total nitrogen（TN）, and total phosphorus（TP）emissions from crop farming, livestock and poultry breeding, aquaculture, and rural domestic sewage in 18 districts of Hainan Province in 2017. In addition, the ArcGIS software was used for cluster analysis to divide the pollution load intensity zones and pollution control zones. The results showed that the maximum discharge of COD, TN, and TP appeared in Wenchang, and the minimum discharge was observed in Wuzhishan. The emission intensities of COD, TN, and TP of Hainan Province were 1.03, 3.74, and 3.59 times higher than the national average, respectively. The pollution sources in descending order of equal standard pollution load intensity were crop farming, rural domestic sewage, aquaculture, livestock and poultry breeding. The major types of pollution in Wenchang were aquaculture, aquaculture and planting in Lingao, planting in Danzhou, Qionghai, Dongfang, Ding'an, Tunchang, Chengmai, Changjiang, Baisha, Baoting, Wuzhishan, and Qiongzhong; and planting and rural domestic sewage in Haikou, Sanya, Wanning, Ledong, and Lingshui. Based on cluster analysis, Wenchang, Haikou, Lingao, and Wanning were classified as high-load areas; Danzhou, Qionghai, Dongfang, Ding'an, Tunchang, Chengmai, Changjiang, Baisha, Sanya, Ledong, Lingshui, and Baoting were classified as medium load areas, and Wuzhishan and Qiongzhong were categorized as low-load areas. In 2017, the prevention and control of ANPS pollution in Hainan Province were severe. Planting was the primary source of ANPS pollution in Hainan Province. |
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