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| 高砷煤矿周围旱作土壤重金属污染特征及农作物健康风险评价 |
| Characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in dryland soil and crops around a coal mine with high levels of arsenic |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-29 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0830 |
| 中文关键词: 旱作土壤，作物，重金属污染，砷，煤矿，风险评价 |
| 英文关键词: dryland soil, crops, heavy metal contamination, arsenic, coal mine, risk assessment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41761071）；贵州省科技厅基础研究计划项目（黔科合基础〔2017〕1122） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 欧灵芝 | 贵州师范大学贵州省植物生理与发育调控重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学国家林业局西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001 | | | 胡鸣明 | 贵州师范大学贵州省植物生理与发育调控重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学国家林业局西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001
贵州轻工职业技术学院, 贵阳 550025 | | | 安德章 | 贵州省黔西南州生态环境局兴仁分局, 贵州 兴仁 562300 | | | 唐明 | 贵州师范大学贵州省植物生理与发育调控重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学国家林业局西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001 | | | 秦樊鑫 | 贵州师范大学贵州省植物生理与发育调控重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学国家林业局西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001 | | | 李菲 | 贵州师范大学贵州省植物生理与发育调控重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学国家林业局西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001 | | | 孙媛媛 | 贵州师范大学贵州省植物生理与发育调控重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学国家林业局西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护重点实验室, 贵阳 550001
贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001 | sunyuanyuan@gznu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了掌握高砷煤矿周边旱作农田重金属污染状况，运用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和地积累指数法对高砷煤矿周边旱作土壤重金属（As、Cd、Hg、Cu、Zn）进行污染风险评价，并采用富集系数法、目标危害商数法和致癌风险指数法对农作物和人体健康风险进行评价。结果表明：调查区域土壤综合污染指数均值为2.12，属中度污染水平；土壤中As、Cd、Hg、Zn、Cu的含量均值分别为全国土壤背景值的7.91、2.57、5.26、1.53、3.44倍；As和Hg的污染等级高且范围广，Cu污染等级低但污染范围广，Cd的污染等级较低且范围较小，Zn基本无污染。富集系数法评价结果显示，作物对5种重金属的吸收能力表现为Cd>Zn>Cu>Hg>As。农作物健康风险评价结果显示，5种农作物的健康风险主要为非致癌风险，As是可食用农作物（除玉米外）的主要致癌风险因子和非致癌风险因子，Cd是烟草的主要致癌风险因子和非致癌风险因子。食用本地农作物对人体造成的健康风险依次为As>Cd>Hg>Cu>Zn。研究表明：研究区域土壤处于中度污染水平，As的风险较高；可食农作物中重金属的潜在健康风险主要源于As，且对儿童造成的健康风险明显高于成人；烟草的健康风险主要源于Cd；农作物中辣椒和烟草的健康风险最高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study sought to gather information about the heavy metal pollution of dryland soil surrounding coal mines with high levels of arsenic（high-As）. Single-factor pollution index, Nemero multi-factor pollution index, and geo-accumulation index analyses were adopted to assess the pollution risk of heavy metals including As, cadmium（Cd）, mercury（Hg）, copper（Cu）, and zinc（Zn）in dryland soil around high-As coal mines. As an enrichment factor, targeted hazard quotient and cancer risk were adopted to evaluate the risks of crops and human health. The average soil comprehensive pollution index in the survey area was 2.12, which was classified as a moderate pollution level. The average contents of As, Cd, Hg, Zn, and Cu was 7.91, 2.57, 5.26, 1.53 and 3.44 times the national soil background value, respectively. The pollution levels of Hg and As were high and the pollution ranges were wide. Cu had a low pollution level but a wide range. Cd had a low pollution level and range. Zn pollution was negligible. The enrichment factor results showed that the absorption capacity of crops for the five heavy metals were ranked as Cd>Zn>Cu>Hg>As. The health risk assessments of five crops revealed they were mainly non-carcinogenic. As was the most important carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk factor of edible crops（except corn）, while Cd was risk factor of tobacco. The order of individual risk index for the health of children and adults was As>Cd>Hg>Cu>Zn. In conclusion, the soil in the survey area is moderately polluted with high risk of As. The health risk of heavy metals in edible crops is mainly attributed to As. Children are more sensitively affected by heavy metals from food ingestion than adults. The health risk of tobacco is mainly derived from Cd. Pepper and tobacco have the highest health risk among five crops. |
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