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| 宛氏拟青霉提取物对玉米产量及氮代谢相关酶的影响 |
| Effects of extracts from Paecilomyces variotii on maize yield and nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-30 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0672 |
| 中文关键词: 尿素，宛氏拟青霉，灌根，玉米，酶活性，产量，氮肥利用率 |
| 英文关键词: urea, Paecilomyces variotii, root irrigation, maize, enzyme activity, yield, nitrogen use efficiency |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划项目 （2019GNC106011）； 先大创新奖学金 （250005） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 孟庆敏 | 土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东 泰安 271018 | | | 李泽丽 | 土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东 泰安 271018 | zelili2016@163.com | | 李明洋 | 土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东 泰安 271018 | | | 陈琪 | 土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东 泰安 271018 | | | 陈大印 | 山东蓬勃生物科技有限公司, 山东 泰安 271018 | | | 杜龙旭 | 土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东 泰安 271018 | | | 刘之广 | 土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东 泰安 271018 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨野生沙棘根系内生真菌宛氏拟青霉菌株的提取物（ZNC）对作物产量及氮肥利用率（NUE）的影响，以玉米（Zea mays L.）为试验材料，设置不施氮肥（CK）、单施尿素（U）、尿素配施ZNC灌根（U+ZNC） 3个处理，分别于2017、2018年进行盆栽试验，研究尿素配施ZNC灌根对玉米产量、NUE、土壤养分、光合速率及根系、叶片中氮代谢相关酶活性的影响。结果表明：相比于U处理，两年U+ZNC处理玉米产量分别显著提高6.75%和8.22%，氮肥利用率分别显著提高13.05、21.08个百分点。拔节期，U+ZNC处理土壤铵态氮含量较U处理显著增加104.63%，叶片净光合速率显著提升62.37%。大喇叭口期，与U处理相比，U+ZNC处理根系生长素（IAA）及谷胱甘肽还原酶（GSR）、硝酸还原酶（NR）浓度分别提高60.42%、12.46%、68.38%；叶片氮素代谢酶GSR、NR、亚硝酸还原酶（NiR）浓度分别显著提高88.32%、46.27%、56.66%，磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶（PEPC）和丙酮酸磷酸双激酶（PPDK）浓度显著提高31.44%和71.07%。研究表明，本试验条件下，尿素配施宛氏拟青霉提取物灌根可增强土壤养分供应强度，提高玉米关键生育时期根系和叶片氮代谢相关酶活性，增强光合酶活性，提高光合速率，显著提高产量和氮肥利用率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of the extract of the endophytic fungus Paecilomyces variotii strain from wild sea buckthorn roots（ZNC） on crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency（NUE） , pot experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018. The effects of urea（U）combined with ZNC root irrigation on maize yield, NUE, soil nutrient changes, photosynthetic rate, and nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes in the roots and leaves were also investigated. Maize（Zea mays L.）was used as the experimental material to set three treatments： no nitrogen fertilizer （CK） , single application of U, and combined application of U with ZNC root irrigation（U+ZNC） . Maize yield under U+ZNC treatment was significantly increased by 6.75% and 8.22% in two consecutive years, respectively, compared with that of U treatment; NUE increased 13.05 percentage points and 21.08 percentage points, respectively. During the jointing period, soil ammonium nitrogen content under U+ ZNC treatment was significantly higher than that under U treatment by 104.63%, and the net photosynthetic rate was significantly increased by 62.37%. In the 12-leaf collar period, the concentrations of auxin, glutathione reductase（GSR） , and nitrate reductase（NR）in the roots under U + ZNC treatment were increased by 60.42%, 12.46%, and 68.38%, respectively, compared with those under U treatment. The concentrations of nitrogen metabolic enzymes GSR, NR, and NiR in the leaves were significantly increased by 88.32%, 46.27%, and 56.66%, respectively, and the concentrations of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase（PEPC）and pyruvate phosphate dikinase（PPDK）were significantly increased by 31.44% and 71.07%, respectively. Under the conditions of this study, U combined with ZNC root irrigation can enhance the soil nutrient supply intensity, improve the activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes in the roots and leaves of maize at key growth stages, enhance the activity of phosynase to increase the photosynthetic rate, and improve the yield and NUE. |
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