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| 黄土高原沟道农地转换特征及影响机制初探 |
| Temporal and spatial characteristics and driving mechanism of gullies farmland conversion on the Loess Plateau |
| 投稿时间：2021-05-27 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0335 |
| 中文关键词: 沟道农地识别，黄土高原，时空地理加权回归，人地系统科学，延安市 |
| 英文关键词: gully farmland identification, Loess Plateau, geographically and temporally weighted regression, human-earth system science, Yan'an City |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42101202；42071227）；中央高校基本科研业务费项目（2022CDSKXYGG006）；重庆市社科规划青年项目（2021NDQN51）；中国博士后科学基金项目（2022M710015） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 生态建设和土地整治工程驱动黄土高原沟道土地利用及农业生产发生较大变化，为探讨其农地转换特征及影响机制，以延安市地处黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的8个区县为研究区，选取2000—2005、2005—2010、2010—2018年3期24幅Landsat TM/OLI数据，采用CART决策树分类方法提取出研究区的沟道农地分布并分析其空间变化，构建时空地理加权回归模型，挖掘延安市沟道人地系统特征，探究其空间要素沟道农地的时空转换及其影响机制。结果表明：近20年延安市沟道农地呈现发散式分布、阶段性扩展且总体波动式收缩趋势，重心整体向北迁移；加入时间序列坐标的时空地理加权回归在沟道农地转换研究中具有较强的适用性，社会经济因素是近20年延安市沟道农地转换的主要驱动力，且影响效应呈现逐年上升态势；延安市沟道农地转换的不同驱动因子系数时空分布各异，人口因子和坡度因子的作用强度始终处于主导地位，地均GDP因子高值分布区在北部和中西部地区，形成“核心边缘”的漏斗状格局，其变化趋向于核心“流动”。黄土高原沟道农地发展变化受多种因素驱动，地区本底差异及不同的行为主体促使沟道农地发展变化趋于不同方向，但根本上均受国家及区域重大发展政策导向的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study explores agricultural land transformation and how its impact mechanism can provide scientific reference for the evolution of human land relationships and the development of multiple functions of gully agriculture in the Loess Plateau. In this study, Yan'an City of the Loess hilly and gully region, which has a rapid development of gully agriculture, is used as the research area, 24 Landsat TM/OLI data in three periods of 2000-2005, 2005-2010, and 2010-2018 were selected, and the distribution range of gully farmland in the research area was extracted by CART decision tree classification method; its spatial change was analyzed to construct the coupling time non-stationarity and spatial heterogeneity. A geographically and temporally weighted regression model was used to explore the characteristics of the gully coupled human-earth system in Yan' an City and to explore the driving force of the gully farmland expansion and its spatial-temporal differentiation pattern. Results show that, during the past 20 years, the gully farmland in Yan' an City has been distributed and expanded in stages, with an overall fluctuating contraction trend, and the gravity center has moved northward as a whole. The geographically and temporally weighted regression model coupled with time non-stationary and spatial heterogeneity has a better fitting effect, verifying its applicability in the study of spatiotemporal transformation driving force of farmland expansion. Social and economic factors are the main driving forces for the expansion and transformation of gully farmland in Yan'an City in the past 20 years, increasing yearly. The spatial-temporal distribution of the different driving factors of the gully farmland expansion transformation in Yan' an City has different influences; the intensity of the population factor and the slope factor is always in the dominant position, as the main driving factor of the gully farmland expansion transformation. The high-value distribution area of the land average GDP factor forms a funnel-shaped "core edge" pattern in the north and the central and western regions, and its changes tend to "flow" to the core. In the Loess Plateau, the development and change of gully farmland are driven by many factors, and the regional background differences and different actors will promote the development and contraction of gully farmland in different directions; however, basically, they are driven by the major national and regional development policies |
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