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| 土壤溶解性有机质结构和组成对秸秆、牛粪及其堆肥产品输入的响应特征 |
| Responses of soil dissolved organic matter properties to the amendment of straw, cow manure, or their composting products |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-01 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2021.0068 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆，牛粪，堆肥，土壤，DOM，光谱特征 |
| 英文关键词: straw, cow manure, compost, soil, DOM, spectral characteristics |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合基础[2020]1Y187，黔科合支撑[2020]4Y031）；贵州省人才基地建设项目（RCJD2018-21） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 田翔 | 贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室, 贵阳 550025 | | | 何天容 | 贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室, 贵阳 550025
贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025
贵州喀斯特环境生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 贵阳 550025 | | | 尹德良 | 贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室, 贵阳 550025
贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025
贵州喀斯特环境生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 贵阳 550025 | dlyin@gzu.edu.cn | | 冉澍 | 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025 | | | 汪妍 | 贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室, 贵阳 550025 | | | 周宪 | 贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室, 贵阳 550025 | | | 张舸 | 贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室, 贵阳 550025 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为揭示农业废弃有机物还田对土壤溶解性有机质（DOM）特性的影响，本研究通过淹水土培试验，结合紫外-荧光光谱技术和平行因子分析法，探究了土壤DOM含量、结构与组分对秸秆、牛粪及其堆肥产品输入的响应特征。结果表明，相比于对照组，添加秸秆、堆肥秸秆、牛粪和堆肥牛粪的处理组均明显提高了培养初期土壤溶解性有机碳（DOC）含量，降低了培养初期土壤DOM类蛋白组分含量（降幅分别为80.23%、83.89%、37.21%和86.68%），整体上提高了各时期土壤DOM的芳香性和疏水组分含量，堆肥产品还显著提高了土壤DOM腐殖化程度（P<0.05）。随着培养时间延长，各处理组土壤DOC、DOM类蛋白组分及类腐殖质组分含量均不同程度降低，且类蛋白组分降幅远高于类腐殖质组分。与添加秸秆相比，添加堆肥秸秆明显降低了培养初期、中期和末期的土壤DOC含量（降幅分别为60.78%、33.77%和45.53%）和DOM类蛋白组分含量（降幅分别为19.94%、34.75%和57.28%）；而与牛粪处理组相比，堆肥牛粪处理组土壤DOC含量在各时期无明显改变，但芳香性、疏水组分含量和腐殖化水平均不同程度升高。研究表明，秸秆和牛粪还田整体上降低了土壤DOM中类蛋白组分含量，其堆肥产品均提升了土壤DOM的腐殖化水平，但两者的作用效果存在明显差异。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To reveal the effects of agricultural organic matters on soil dissolved organic matter(DOM) properties and understand the response characteristics of soil DOM including the content, structure, and composition of the input of straw, cow manure, or their composting products, in this study, a simulation experiment was conducted using UV-fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis. Compared with the control group that did not have the addition of any organic matter, the amendments of straw, composting straw, cow manure, and composting cow manure largely increased the content of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC) at the early stage of incubation. Meanwhile, inputs of these organic materials reduced the protein-like components in the soil DOMs at the early stage of incubation by 80.23%, 83.89%, 37.21% and 86.68%, respectively, and they generally increased the aromatic and hydrophobic components while their composting products synchronously elevated the humification levels of soil DOMs(P<0.05). With the extension of incubation time, the DOC content, protein-like, and humic-like components in the DOMs were reduced at a certain degree in the all-treatment groups (i. e., straw, cow manure, and their composting products), and the protein-like components had a greater decreasing level than did the humic-like components. Furthermore, compared with the straw-added group, addition of straw with its composting products significantly reduced the DOC content(the reduction rates were 60.78%, 33.77%, and 45.53% at early, middle and late stage of incubation, respectively) and protein-like components in the soil DOMs(the reduction rates were 19.94%, 34.75%, and 57.28%, at early, middle and late stage of incubation, respectively) throughout the incubation period. However, compared with the cow manure-added group, the treatment with the addition of composting cow manure had less of a difference in the DOC content but some increases in the aromatic, hydrophobic components, and humification levels in the soil DOMs. Overall, the amendments of straw and cow manure generally reduced the protein-like components in the soil DOMs, and their composting products elevated the humification levels of soil DOM, whereas the influencing capacity showed obvious differences between these two agricultural organic matters. |
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