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| 茶园多植物覆盖种植对土壤酶活性和有机碳矿化特征的影响 |
| Effects of cover crops on soil enzyme activity and organic carbon mineralization in a tea plantation |
| 投稿时间：2019-12-11 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2019.0605 |
| 中文关键词: 覆盖作物，酶活性，有机碳矿化，一级动力学方程 |
| 英文关键词: cover crops, enzyme activity, organic carbon mineralization, first order dynamic equation |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务（CAAS-XTCX2016015）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（2020-szjj-zjn） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 汪洋 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 杨殿林 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 王丽丽 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | lili0229ok@126.com | | 沈晓琳 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 赵建宁 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 王慧 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 黄进 | 十堰市农科院果茶研究所, 湖北 十堰, 442000 | | | 张小福 | 十堰市经济作物研究所, 湖北 十堰, 442714 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为量化不同覆盖作物种植模式对茶园土壤酶活性及有机碳矿化特征的影响，以湖北省十堰市郧阳区谭家湾茶园为研究对象开展覆盖作物多样性试验，设置四种覆盖作物种植模式：无覆盖作物（A0）、2种覆盖作物（A1）、4种覆盖作物（A2）、8种覆盖作物（A3），测定茶园0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层的土壤酶活性、有机碳矿化速率以及累积矿化量，并对其进行一级动力学方程拟合，得出有机碳潜在矿化势（Cp）和矿化常数（k）。结果发现，覆盖作物种植小区的土壤酶活性均高于对照小区，0~20 cm土层的酶活性均高于20~40 cm，不同覆盖作物类型对土壤过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性的影响具有显著差异（P<0.05），但对土壤磷酸酶没有显著影响。与过氧化氢酶相比，土壤脲酶、磷酸酶是更重要的土壤碳循环参与者，其活性与有机碳矿化作用之间呈极显著正相关关系（P<0.01），在土壤有机碳分解转化过程中具有重要作用。各处理的土壤有机碳矿化速率均呈现先升高后降低最后趋于平稳的趋势，0~20 cm土层的土壤有机碳矿化速率和累积矿化量均高于20~40 cm土层。0~20 cm土层Cp/k表现为A1 > A2 > A3 > A0，20~40 cm土层Cp/k表现为A1 > A2 > A0 > A3，两土层均以A1的土壤有机碳矿化作用最强。A1的微生物量碳和可溶性有机碳均高于其他处理，为作物生长发育提供了充足的养分，pH值也最高，有利于阻抗土壤酸化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of different mulch planting patterns on soil enzyme activity and organic carbon mineralization in a tea plantation. The cover crop diversity experiment was conducted in the Tanjiawan tea garden, Yunyang District, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. Four cover crop planting modes were set up, namely no crop cover(A0), two cover crops(A1), four cover crops (A2), and eight cover crops(A3). The enzyme activity, organic carbon mineralization rate, and cumulative mineralization of the 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers in the tea plantation were measured, and the data was fitted to the first order kinetic equation to obtain the mineralization potential(Cp)and mineralization constant(k)of organic carbon. The results showed that, the soil enzyme activity in the mulch plot was generally higher than that in the control plot, and the enzyme activity in the 0~20 cm soil layer was higher than that in the 20~40 cm layer. Different mulch types had significant effects on soil catalase and urease activity(P<0.05), but no significant effect on soil phosphatase. Compared with catalase, soil urease and phosphatase were more important participants in the soil carbon cycle, and there was a significantly positive correlation between their activities and organic carbon mineralization(P<0.01), showing that they play an important role in the decomposition and transformation of soil organic carbon. The organic carbon mineralization rates of all treatments showed a trend of first increasing, then decreasing, and finally stabilizing. The mineralization rate and cumulative amount of organic carbon in the 0~20 cm soil layer were higher than those in the 20~40 cm soil layer. In the 0~20 cm soil layer, the Cp/k value was as follows:A1 > A2 > A3 > A0. In the 20~40 cm soil layer, the Cp/k value was as follows:A1 > A2 > A0 > A3. This suggests that the organic carbon mineralization of A1 was the strongest in both soil layers. Moreover, the microbial biomass carbon and soluble organic carbon of A1 were higher than those of the other treatments, thereby providing sufficient nutrients for crop growth and development. A1 had the highest pH value, which was conducive to soil acidification. |
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