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| 丹江口水源涵养区退耕还草土壤线虫群落变化特征 |
| Effect of restoration of cultivated land to artificial grassland on soil nematodes communities in Danjiangkou water ecological conservation function area |
| 投稿时间：2018-09-19 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2018.0247 |
| 中文关键词: 丹江口，水源涵养区，退耕还草，土壤理化因子，土壤线虫，生态指数 |
| 英文关键词: Danjiangkou, water ecological conservation function area, restoring farmland to grassland, soil physicochemical properties, soil nematode, ecological index |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务（CAAS-XTCX2016015）；国家自然科学基金项目（41877343） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 周广帆 | 沈阳农业大学园艺学院, 沈阳 110866
农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 秦洁 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 祁小旭 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 王瑞琪 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 赵建宁 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 谭炳昌 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 杨殿林 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | yangdianlin@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为评估丹江口水源涵养区退耕还草的土壤生态效应，2017年9月，选取3块同一土壤类型、退耕3年的紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）草地作为退耕还草的代表样地，以相邻未退耕的玉米（Zea Mays）田为对照，比较分析退耕还草土壤线虫群落的变化特征。结果表明：退耕还草样地0~10 cm土层含水量显著提高15.86%（P<0.05），pH值显著降低5.06%（P<0.05）；10~20 cm土层pH值显著降低4.57%（P<0.05），有效磷含量显著降低26.83%（P<0.05）。退耕种植紫花苜蓿草地共鉴定出土壤线虫18 307条，49个属，未退耕玉米田共鉴定出土壤线虫10 706条，45个属，退耕还草后土壤线虫c-p类群由短世代型向长世代型转移，土壤环境受到扰动降低，土壤线虫群落的多样性和稳定性增加，结构指数（SI）和富集指数（EI）表明退耕还草提高了土壤健康程度，同时降低了土壤所受的干扰程度。土壤线虫数量与土壤pH值、含水量、全氮和硝态氮含量呈极显著相关（P<0.01）；食细菌线虫和食真菌线虫相对丰度与土壤有效磷含量呈极显著相关（P<0.01），植物寄生性线虫和捕/杂食线虫相对丰度与有机碳和铵态氮含量呈极显著相关（P<0.01），与全氮含量呈显著相关（P<0.05）。研究表明，退耕还草改变了土壤pH值及全氮、有效磷养分含量，改变了土壤线虫群落结构和多样性，提升了土壤健康水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To collect basic data for the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the soil ecological effects of restoring farmland to grassland, we evaluated the various characteristics of soil nematode communities in restoring cultivated land to artificial grassland in the Danjiangkou water ecological conservation function area. In this study, three alfalfa(Medicago sativa)meadows with the same soil type and three years' fallow usage were selected as representative plots for the restoration of farmland to grassland. A maize(Zea Mays)field with adjacent unreturned cropland was used for comparison to analyze the changing characteristics of nematodes in the returned cropland soil in September 2017. The results showed that the water content was significantly increased by 15.86% and pH was significantly decreased by 5.06% in the 0~10 cm soil layer; The pH was significantly reduced by 4.57%, and effective phosphorus content was significantly reduced by 26.83% in the 10~20 cm soil layer. A total of 18 307 soil nematodes and 49 genera were identified in the alfalfa grassland, and a total of 10 706 soil nematodes and 45 genera were identified in the corn field. The soil nematode c-p group was transferred from the short-generation to the long-generation and soil environment was less disturbed. The diversity and stability increased and structural index(SI)and enrichment index(EI)showed that returning farmland to grass improved soil health and reduced the degree of soil disturbance. The number of soil nematodes was significantly correlated with soil pH, water content, total nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen content; The relative abundance of bacterivores nematodes and fungal nematodes was significantly correlated with soil available phosphorus content; The relative abundance of plant parasitic nematodes, and catch/omnivorous nematodes was significantly correlated with organic carbon and ammonium nitrogen content and significantly correlated with total nitrogen content. The soil pH value, total N, and available P contents can be changed by restoring farmland to grassland, which can alter the community structure and diversity of soil nematodes and improve soil health. |
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