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| 临时用地土地复垦碳效应分析与测算——以广西为例 |
| Analysis of carbon effects of temporary land reclamation using Guangxi as an example |
| 投稿时间：2019-04-05 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2019.0170 |
| 中文关键词: 土地复垦，临时用地，碳效应，碳测算，项目周期 |
| 英文关键词: land reclamation, temporary land use, carbon effects, carbon calculation, project cycle |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41361022，41966007）；广西自然基金创新团队项目（2016GXNSFGA380007）；广西科技计划项目（桂科AD19110142） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为揭示临时用土地复垦碳效应机理，系统掌握土地复垦碳效应的规律性，遵循系统论原理，以土地复垦项目周期的时间逻辑为出发点，从土地结构、工程实施和项目管护三方面对其碳效应机理进行探析，并运用碳排放系数法和综合对比分析法，以广西8个项目为例进行碳效应测算。结果表明，基于项目时间逻辑的临时用地土地复垦碳效应机理包括土地结构碳效应Ⅰ、工程实施碳效应Ⅰ、工程实施碳效应Ⅱ、土地结构碳效应Ⅱ和管护碳效应；项目周期内各项目的碳效应为-24.41~78.74t（负值表示排放量，正值表示固碳量），其中土地结构变化所致碳效应情况为3.66~82.50 t，工程实施所致碳效应为-33.57~-0.78 t，后期管护所致碳效应为-13.48~0.01 t。土地结构碳效应的主要影响因素是林地复垦后林木根冠比变小，固碳能力降低。工程实施碳效应的主要影响因素是工料消耗，特别是水泥的消耗所致碳排放较大。管护碳效应的主要影响因素是复垦后为期3年的土地培肥管护，大量化肥的使用所致碳排放增加。研究表明，实施耕作层剥离与再利用、强调复垦后林地固碳能力、降低工料消耗是占用耕地资源、占用林地资源和中度及以上破坏程度的临时用地低碳化复垦的重要措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a typical land consolidation type, there is great significance for mastering regularity of carbon effect in land reclamation systematically by analyzing carbon effect mechanisms and calculation methods under the new situation of strengthening ecological civilization construction and "carbon fixation & emission reduction". Following the principle of system theory and starting from the time logic of land reclamation project cycles, this study illustrated the carbon effect mechanism from three aspects, including land structure, construction implementation, and project management. Meanwhile, the carbon emission coefficient method and comprehensive comparative analysis were used to calculate carbon emission for eight projects in Guangxi. The results illustrated that the carbon effect mechanism for temporary land reclamation based on project time logic included:Carbon effect Ⅰ for land structure and for construction implementation, carbon effect Ⅱ for construction implementation and for land structure, and carbon management effect. During the project cycle, the carbon effects of each project was -24.41~78.74 t (negative for carbon emissions and positive for carbon sequestration), respectively, including the carbon effects caused by land structure change at 3.66~82.50 t, carbon effects from construction implementation at -33.57~-0.78 t, and carbon effects from later management at -13.48~0.01 t. The main influencing factors of the carbon effect in land structure were that the root canopy has become smaller after reclamation and its carbon fixation capability had been reduced accordingly. Moreover, the main influencing factor of the carbon effect in construction implementation was material consumption, especially cement. The main influencing factors of carbon management effects were soil fertilization for three years after reclamation and the use of large quantities of chemical fertilizers, which had increased carbon emissions. The implementation of stripping and using plow layer soil, emphasizing the carbon sequestration capacity of woodland after reclamation, and reducing the consumption of industrial materials will be important measures for low-carbon reclamation of temporary land, which occupies cultivated land resources and occupies woodland resources and has a damage degree of moderate or above. |
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