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| 黄土高原东部潇河流域农田土壤有机质时空变异及影响因素 |
| The spatial-temporal variation of soil organic matter and its influencing factors in Xiaohe River basin in eastern Loess Plateau, China |
| 投稿时间：2018-07-24 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2018.0195 |
| 中文关键词: 耕层，土壤有机质，地统计学，时空变异，影响因素，潇河流域 |
| 英文关键词: arable layer, soil organic matter, geostatistics, spatio-temporal variability, affected factor, Xiaohe River basin |
| 基金项目:山西省农业科学院博士研究基金项目（YBSJJ1615）；山西省重点研发计划（一般）项目（201703D221008-1）；山西省重点研发计划（重点）项目（201703D211002-3，201603D2110-5） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为揭示土壤有机质时空变化规律及其影响因素，通过收集黄土高原东部潇河流域1982年第二次土壤普查数据和2017年不同时期耕层土壤有机质含量的实测资料，应用地统计学方法对其进行分析。结果表明：从1982年至2017年，耕层土壤有机质均值由11.06 g·kg-1升高至15.69 g·kg-1，增幅为41.86%；近35年潇河流域农田耕层土壤有机质含量均呈增加趋势，空间分布呈现由中部向四周逐渐升高的趋势。从第二次土壤普查时期到2017年，耕层土壤有机质含量表现为从低级向高级逐渐累积的规律。其中，土壤有机质含量>20 g·kg-1和15~20 g·kg-1的土地面积从无增加到分别占流域总面积的0.74%和43.72%，10~15 g·kg-1土地面积减少幅度最大，为29.93%，6~10 g·kg-1土地面积从13.82%减少到1.57%，<6 g·kg-1土地从有到无。成土母质、地形变化、种植结构、施肥是影响土壤有机质时空分异的主要因素，人类对土壤养分干预作用表现出增强的趋势，应注意土壤培肥，实行分区管理，以保证整个农业流域的可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of this study was to explore the spatial-temporal variability of soil organic matter(SOM) and its influencing factors. Based on the data of 168 sample points collected in 1982 from the Second Soil Survey and 213 soil sample points collected in 2017 of the Xiaohe River basin in the eastern Loess Plateau, the spatial and temporal variation of soil organic matter in the drainage basin in the last 35 years and the influencing factors were analyzed by statistical and geostatistics methods. The results showed that from 1982 to 2017, the mean value of soil organic matter in cultivated soil increased from 11.06 g·kg-1 to 15.69 g·kg-1, and the amplification reached 41.86%. In the recent 35 years, the organic matter in the farmland of the Xiaohe River basin had an increasing trend, and the spatial distribution increased gradually from the central part to the surrounding area. From the year of the second soil census to 2017, the organic matter content of the soil in the ploughed layer showed the rule of gradually accumulated from lower level to higher level. Among them, the land area of soil organic matter content >20 g·kg-1 and 15~20 g·kg-1 increased from zero to 0.74% and 43.72% of the total area of the river basin respectively, the land area of 10~15 g·kg-1 decreased the most, and it reached 29.93%, 6~10 g·kg-1 decreased from 13.82% to 1.57%, and <6 g·kg-1 decreased from something to nothing. Soil parent material, topography change, planting structure and fertilization are the main factors that affect the temporal and spatial differentiation of soil organic matter. Human beings show an increasing trend of soil nutrient intervention, and we should be paid attention to the regional management of soil fertilizer to ensure the sustainable development of the whole agricultural watershed. |
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