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| 三种农用抗生素降解真菌的筛选及其降解性能 |
| Screening and degradation properties of three kinds of agricultural antibiotics degrading fungi |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-19 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2018.0069 |
| 中文关键词: 土霉素，诺氟沙星，磺胺二甲嘧啶，降解菌，筛选 |
| 英文关键词: oxytetracycline, norfloxacin, sulfadiazine, degradation strains, screening |
| 基金项目:四川省财政创新能力提升工程青年基金项目（2015QNJJ-002）；四川省财政创新能力提升工程优秀论文基金项目（2016LWJJ-001）；四川省科技支撑计划项目（2017SZ0188） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了从重金属污染的土壤中分离筛选出能降解土霉素、诺氟沙星、磺胺二甲嘧啶的真菌菌株，利用抗生素作为唯一碳源进行抗生素降解真菌富集驯化培养，分离纯化耐受真菌，将纯化后的菌株回接到以抗生素作为唯一碳源的液体培养基中，运用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）及紫外分光光度法对各菌株抗生素降解能力进行检测，并通过菌落形态学特征、ITS序列和系统发育树对菌株进行分子鉴定。筛选到4株抗生素降解真菌KS248、KS256、KS257、KS272，分别鉴定为轮状镰刀菌（Fusarium verticillioides）、腐皮镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）、聚多曲霉（Aspergillus sydowii）、微紫青霉（Penicillium janthinellum）。其中，菌株KS248、KS256、KS257具有土霉素、诺氟沙星、磺胺二甲嘧啶降解能力；菌株KS272具有土霉素、诺氟沙星降解能力。在抗生素初始浓度1500 μg·L-1、30℃、150 r·min-1条件下避光培养7 d后，菌株KS272降解土霉素、诺氟沙星能力最强，降解率分别达到40.29%、10.59%，菌株KS256降解磺胺二甲嘧啶能力最强，降解率达到18.53%。筛选出的菌株均具有2种及以上抗生素降解能力，对抗生素的降解率从高到低依次为土霉素、诺氟沙星、磺胺二甲嘧啶，且随着抗生素浓度增加，菌株对各抗生素降解能力有不同程度的削弱。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Fungal strains capable of degrading oxytetracycline, norfloxacin and sulfadiazine were screened from the soil contaminated by heavy metals. The strains were enriched and domesticated in medium with the antibiotics as the sole carbon source. After isolation and purification of antibiotic-resistant fungi, and the purified strains were returned to the liquid medium with antibiotics as the sole carbon source. Then used high-performance chromatography(HPLC) and UV spectrophotometry to detect the antibiotic degradation ability of each strains, and those strains were identified by morphological characteristics, the ITS DNA sequence determination and phylogenetic analysis. Four strains of antibiotic-degrading fungi named KS248, KS256, KS257, and KS272 were screened and identified as Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium solani, Aspergillus sydowii, and Penicillium janthinellum. Among them, strains KS248, KS256, and KS257 had the ability to degrade oxytetracycline, norfloxacin, and sulfamethazine; strain KS272 had the ability to degrade oxytetracycline and norfloxacin. Under antibiotic content of each antibiotic was 1500 μg·L-1, 30℃, 150 r·min-1, after 7 days dark culture, the strain KS272 had the strongest ability to degrade oxytetracycline and norfloxacin with the degradation rates of 40.29% and 10.49% respectively; The strain KS256 had the strongest ability to degrade sulfamethazine and the degradation rate was 18.53%. The strains had the ability to degrade two or more antibiotics. The ability of strains to degrade antibiotics from the highest to the lowest was oxytetracycline, norfloxacin, and sulfamethazine. As the concentration of antibiotics increased, the ability of the strains to degrade each antibiotic was weakened. |
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