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| 我国规模化畜禽养殖粪污资源化利用分析 |
| Analysis of Utilization of Fecal Resources in Large-scale Livestock and Poultry Breeding in China |
| 投稿时间：2017-10-25 修订日期：2017-12-20 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2017.0257 |
| 中文关键词: 规模化畜禽养殖，粪污资源化，模式 |
| 英文关键词: large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, fecal resources, mode |
| 基金项目:湖南省重点研发计划项目“养殖业农业面源污染发生规律与减排机制”（2016JC2003） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对我国规模化畜禽养殖污染严重的突出问题及推动粪污资源化利用的技术需求，以“十二五”污染物总量减排认定规模化畜禽养殖场为例，统计了粪污资源化利用模式的类别及比例，并结合全国典型地区规模化畜禽养殖粪污治理现状对其进行了深入调研与分析。结果表明：不同规模、不同畜种粪污资源化利用模式存在一定差异，生猪、奶牛、肉牛养殖采用储存农用模式处理粪便的占75%以上，蛋鸡、肉鸡养殖采用粪便生产有机肥的占65%左右，粪污资源化利用模式主要与该地区的自然特征、农业生产方式、养殖场规模、经济发展水平等相关；规划不合理、养殖清洁生产严重不足、区域粪污资源化利用模式选择不当是当前我国规模化畜禽养殖粪污资源化利用中存在的主要问题。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The purpose of this paper is to develop a systematic investigation for the serious problems of livestock and poultry breeding in China and the technical demand of promoting the utilization of manure. Based on the status quo of large-scale livestock and poultry farming in typical areas in China, the work had been done beared on statistics and analysis of the modes and proportions of utilization of manure resources. Such a statistical method had been applied to the country -identified large -scale farm, which the total amount of pollutants reduction was in accordance with the "12th Five-Year Plan" standards. The results showed that there were some differences in the modes of resource utilization due to livestock and poultry manure at different scales and types:(1) Hogs, dairy cattle and beef cattle in total accounted for more than 75% of the agricultural manure storage;(2) Laying hens and broiler chickens accounted for about 65% of the total production of the organic manure produced by fecal production. It is demonstrated that the major modes of resource utilization of dung and urine were related to the natural characteristics, agricultural production methods, farming scale and economic development level in the area. It was concluded that the unreasonable planning, lacking of cleansing during breeding, false selection of manure utilizing modes were the major problems in China忆s large-scale livestock and poultry fecal resources utilization. |
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