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| 新疆绿洲长期连作棉田土壤氮储量及其垂直分布特征 |
| Storage and Vertical Distribution Characteristics of Nitrogen in the Continuously Cropped Cotton Field in Xinjiang Oasis, China |
| 投稿时间：2015-06-04 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2015.0143 |
| 中文关键词: 新疆绿洲 棉花 连作 全氮储量 分布特征 |
| 英文关键词: Xinjiang oasis cotton continuous cropping total nitrogen storage distribution characteristics |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31260307) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2188 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过长期定位试验,设置了不同连作年限(1、5、10、15、20、25、30年)和3个土层深度(0～20、20～40 cm和40～60 cm),研究了新疆绿洲长期连作棉田土壤氮储量的动态变化及其垂直分布特征。结果表明,新疆绿洲棉花长期连作过程中,土壤全氮储量均呈增加趋势,但是在不同的年限,增加的程度不同;棉花短期连作(5年和10年) 0～60 cm土壤全氮储量是一个明显的渐增过程,随后是一个缓慢增长的积累过程。从增长速率来看,0～60 cm土壤氮储量的增长速率表现为先下降后上升,最后趋于稳定的变化趋势。土壤容重与土壤全氮含量呈极显著的负相关关系。从不同土层深度来看,各年限的土壤全氮储量随深度增加均有降低的趋势,表层土壤(0～20 cm)全氮储量均大于深层土壤(20～40 cm和40～60 cm),并且随着连作年限的增加,0～60 cm剖面土壤全氮储量表聚性越来越明显。从不同连作年限来看,短期连作时期(5～10年)土壤全氮储量的增加体现在0～60 cm各个深度,而经过长期连作后(10～30年),土壤深层20～40 cm深度的氮储量会逐渐增加,但40～60 cm深度增加较缓慢。总之,新疆绿洲棉田土壤中的氮是“氮汇”,并且棉花连作增加了各土层的土壤氮储量,提高了新疆绿洲棉田的持续供氮能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of the experiment was to investigate the storage and vertical distribution characteristics of nitrogen in the continuously cropped cotton field in Xinjiang oasis. This experiment was conducted at the Shihezi University experiment station in Shihezi, China. The experiment consisted of seven continuous cropping periods(1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 years and 30 years) and three soil depths (0～20, 20～40 cm and 40～60 cm). Results showed that soil total nitrogen storage increased as the duration of continuous cropping increased, but the degree of increase of continuous cropping treatments were different, the soil total nitrogen storage initially increased obviously in the 5 years and 10 years treatment, and then increased slowly after 10 years. As for the growth rate, 0～60 cm depth soil nitrogen storage's growth rate showed initially decreased, then increased, and then stabilized as the duration of continuous cropping increased. Besides, soil total nitrogen content had significantly negative correlation with soil bulk density. As for different soil depths, the soil total nitrogen storage of each continuous cropping periods decreased as the soil depth increased, and surface soil(0～20 cm depth) nitrogen storage was higher than deeper soil (20～40 cm depth and 40～60 cm depth). Besides, with the year of continuous cropping increased, the properties of surface-aggregation of total nitrogen storage in 0～60 cm depth soil became more obviously. As for different years of continuous cropping, with the year of continuous cropping increased from 5 years to 10 years, the soil nitrogen storage of three soil depths(0～20, 20～40 cm and 40～60 cm) were all increased, however, after long-term continuous cropping(10～30 years), the soil nitrogen storage of 20～40 cm depth increased gradually, but the 40～60 cm depth increased more slowly. In a word, the nitrogen of Xinjiang oasis cotton field was nitrogen sink, besides, continuous cropping could increase the soil nitrogen storage of 0～20, 20～40 cm and 40～60 cm depth, improve the soil nitrogen supplying capacity in the continuously cropped cotton field in Xinjiang oasis. |
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