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| 凤眼莲和水浮莲对滇池草海水体中氮去除效果的比较研究 |
| Comparative Studies on Nitrogen Removal Between Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes in Lake Dianchi Caohai, China |
| 投稿时间：2014-11-04 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2014.0312 |
| 中文关键词: 凤眼莲 水浮莲 富营养化水体 去氮效果 |
| 英文关键词: Eichhornia crassipes Pistia stratiotes eutrophic water nitrogen removal effect |
| 基金项目:国家“十二五”滇池水专项“滇池水体内负荷控制与水质综合改善技术研究及工程示范课题”(2012ZX07102-004-002-003) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过模拟试验,比较了凤眼莲和水浮莲2种漂浮性水生植物对滇池草海水体的去氮效果。结果表明,凤眼莲 (Eichhornia crassipes) 和水浮莲 (Pistia stratiotes) 均有较强的水体去氮能力。在水体总氮 (TN) 、溶解性总氮 (DTN) 、硝态氮 (NO3--N) 、铵态氮 (NH4+-N) 初始平均浓度分别为8.40、7.20、4.12、2.59 mg·L-1,凤眼莲和水浮莲种苗投放均为1 kg 的条件下,凤眼莲和水浮莲对水体总氮 (TN) 、溶解性总氮 (DTN) 、硝态氮 (NO3--N) 、铵态氮 (NH4+-N) 30 d 去除率平均分别为74.24%、76.81%、87.62%、80.30%和70.10%、78.89%、94.77%、87.64%。凤眼莲和水浮莲吸收作用带走的氮占水体中总氮损失量的89.39%和82.33%,凤眼莲试验组、水浮莲试验组和对照组沉积物中氮含量占水体中氮损失量比率平均分别为6.94%、11.64%和83.51%,说明凤眼莲和水浮莲能有效吸附水体中悬浮颗粒物,进而减少了水体沉积物的形成,凤眼莲、水浮莲均能显著降低水体DO 及pH 值。虽然凤眼莲和水浮莲均能显著降低水体的总氮浓度,但由于水浮莲植株较脆,综合考虑,故认为大规模控制性种养凤眼莲是一种治理富营养化湖泊的可行途径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to compare two different floating aquatic plants about the nitrogen removal effect of eutrophic water in Lake Dianchi Caohai, Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes were employed to microcosm experiments. Results showed that Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes had no obvious difference on the ability of nitrogen enrichment and the total nitrogen removal rate. Under the water total nitrogen (TN), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN), nitrate (NO3--N), ammonium (NH4+-N) initial concentration of 8.40, 7.20, 4.12, 2.59 mg·L-1, Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia crassipes seedlings were 1 kg, the average total nitrogen (TN), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN), nitrate (NO3--N), ammonium (NH4+-N) removal rate of Eichhornia crassipes test group were 74.24%, 76.81%, 87.62%, 80.30%respectively; The average total nitrogen (TN), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN), nitrate (NO3--N), ammonium (NH4+-N) removal rate of Pistiacrassipes test group were 70.10%, 78.89%, 94.77%, 87.64% respectively. The average assimilation away from total nitrogen in water nitrogen loss rate of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia crassipes test group were 89.39% and 82.33% respectively. The average nitrogen content in the sediment of nitrogen in the water loss rate of Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia crassipes and control test group were 6.94%, 11.64% and 83.51% respectively. Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia crassipes could not only effectively inhibit the formation of sediment, but also could significantly decrease the DO and pH of the water. Although Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes can significantly reduce the total nitrogen of water, considering the Pistia stratiotes plant is brittle, so large-scale Eichhornia crassipes planting is a feasible way to control eutrophication of lakes. |
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