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| Effects of earthworm activity on farmland nitrogen transformation under nitrogen fertilizer application: a Meta-analysis |
| Received:August 31, 2023 |
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| KeyWord:earthworm;nitrogen fertilizer;farmland soil nitrogen transformation;ecosystem multifunctionality;Meta-analysis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | NA Liping | College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China | | | LIU Yalin | College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | XIONG Xingjun | China Power Construction Group Kunming Survey, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Kunming 650051, China | | | ZHU Chaoya | College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China | | | WANG Wei | College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China | | | MING Runting | College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China | | | WU Yupeng | College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China | wyp19851205@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| Earthworms can promote plant N utilization, increase soil N retention, and cause soil N loss through gas escape and leaching in natural soil. However, it is unclear how continuous N fertilizer application affects earthworms on farmland soil. Therefore, 202 data records from 52 pieces of literature were collected and analyzed using a Meta-analysis of N fertilizer type, fertilizer rate, and fertilization method, and the effects of earthworm activity on farmland soil N transformation under N fertilizer application were comprehensively evaluated. The overall results showed that earthworm activity significantly increased crop biomass(aboveground and belowground by 12.00% and 19.30%, respectively), crop total nitrogen(TN) content(aboveground and belowground by 20.35% and 21.06%, respectively), soil available N content(9.16%), microbial biomass N(MBN) content(23.19%), urease activity(23.73%), N2O emission(16.41%), and N leaching(16.15%). The effects of earthworm activity on soil N transformation differed under different fertilizer types, rates, and methods. Earthworm activity had a significant positive effect on crop biomass(aboveground and belowground biomass increased by 17.90% and 18.03%, respectively) and TN content(aboveground and belowground increased by 37.62% and 25.76%, respectively) when organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer was applied. Earthworm activity significantly increased crop aboveground biomass and aboveground TN content regardless of N fertilizer application rate; however, no such results were found for other parameters. When N fertilizer was applied deeply, earthworm activity significantly increased crop biomass(aboveground and belowground biomass by 16.75% and 22.75%, respectively), TN content(aboveground and belowground by 33.24% and 27.62%, respectively), and microbial activity(MBN and urease by 27.87% and 28.21%, respectively). However, when N fertilizer was applied on the soil surface, earthworm activity only significantly increased available N content(17.56%) and urease activity(9.03%). Furthermore, earthworm activity significantly increased the ecosystem multifunctionality index by 5.93%. Compared with N fertilizer applied on the soil surface, deep application of N fertilizer was more conducive to promoting the positive role of earthworms in farmland soil N transformation. There was no significant difference in the comprehensive effects of N fertilizer types and application rates on the earthworm-induced N transformation. |
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